INDEX - SmartScore X2 ‌

user-defined 136	affecting playback 56
Turn 140	assigning instruments to 57,	125,
turn	205
editing 139	color 159
playback 139	extracting 24, 127
Tutorial 15	gluing and ungluing 59, 160
	offset 38

U

Undo 91

Unify 156

Unify key, time and clefs 155

updates, online 241

user interface preferences 227

V

Velocity Controller ENF 75

MIDI 204

velocity, note 254

verses, repeated 60

vertical alignment 38

correcting 58

Recognition Options 38

verifying 161, 175

vertical event 58

View > Scan View Window 87

visibility

voiceline 88, 159, 252

threading 21, 254

visiting another staff 161

voices 20, 251

splitting 56, 154

swap position 161

using hidden rests 163

vertically aligning 59, 160

visibility 56

VST 82

Z

Zoom

Installation and Introduction
1. SmartScore X2 Installation procedures
  SmartScore requires personalization and verification of ownership the first time it is opened. You will be able to install SmartScore 5 times on up to 5 computers you own and use exclusively. Contact Musitek Technical Support if additional installs are necessary. For details, please read the SmartScore licensing agreement.
  1. You will need to be connected to the Internet during the installation. If you do not have Internet access you will be given a confirmation number which will require entering a response from Musitek (Verification ID). To complete manual verification, contact technical support at tech@musi- tek.com (805-646-5841).
    NOTE: Turn firewall & virus protection OFF during installation. Copying the installed program to other media will to cripple the program.
    Download Installations
    1. After purchasing SmartScore for downloading, you will be taken to a “Thank you” page which will give you your new ID and serial number. Be sure to print this page out and store it for future reference. You will then be directed to a link for downloading. (If you are upgrading from a previous Musitek product, you will first be required to enter your previous ID and serial number).
    2. In the “Download Product” page, you will be able to choose to download the complete installer (SmartScore X2, Aria Player and Garritan sounds) or just the SmartScore X2 product you purchased. The full download installer is over 600MB and may be slow or possibly even time out if you have a slow Internet connection.
    3. If you choose to download only the SmartScore X2 installer, you will be given a link where you can purchase the full DVD for $5 plus shipping.
      DVD Installation
    4. Insert the SmartScore X2 DVD into your computer’s DVD drive.
    5. (Windows) Inserting DVD should launch Auto-run. If not, Push Start > Run and Browse to find your DVD drive. Double-click Install_SmartScoreX2.msi.
    6. (Macintosh) Insert the DVD and open the Macintosh folder. Double-click on the file Install_SmartScoreX2.
      All Installations
    7. After successful installation, launch your copy of SmartScore X. Follow personalization and verification steps. You will need to enter your unique Customer ID and Serial Number which is printed on the DVD box or was given to you when you downloaded the software.
    8. Installation requires online registration and verification. File saving and printing will be disabled after 30 days if registration is not completed. If you are unable to register online, please contact technical support at 805-646- 5841 or by e-mail at tech@musitek.com .
2. How to use this manual
  This manual is a reference. It is not intended for bedtime reading. The best method for learning or solving an issue is to go directly to the Index on page 1, find your topic or issue then find the corresponding page number. We strongly suggest new users walk through the Tutorial, Chapter 2), page 15 before diving in. A Quick Refer- ence Guide is included within the program and can be accessed from the Help menu.
  NOTE: We’ve produced a number of helpful support videos. You can find them at:
  www.musitek.com/videos.html
  1.2.1 What Edition symbols mean
  Not all features described apply to every SmartScore edition. Symbols in the left mar- gin identify editions that do not apply.
  - SmartScore Pro Edition
    The Pro edition has no restrictions. All features and descriptions in this manual apply to SmartScore Pro Edition.
    - Not found in MIDI Edition
      Indicates the feature or description does not apply to MIDI Edition.
    - Not found in MIDI or Guitar Editions
      Does not apply to either MIDI or Guitar Edition.
    - Not found in MIDI or Piano Editions
      Indicates the feature or description does not apply to either MIDI or Piano Edition.
    - Not found in Piano or Guitar Editions
  Indicates the feature or description does not apply to either Piano or Guitar Edition.
SmartScore X2 Tutorial‌‌
1. Recognition of Sample Files (Fandago.tif)‌
  SmartScore includes several pre-scanned TIFF files. For the purpose of this tutorial. we will start with sample file, Fandango.tif.
  1. If the SmartScore Task Window is open (Ctrl + “W” will open it at any time), push the “Recognize Scans” button. The Navigator and the Toolbar also have a Recognition button.
    NOTE: The Task Window opens automatically only at program start. It can be launched at any time with Ctrl + “W” or by selecting Recognition from Windows menus (on Windows) or from the File menu (on Macintosh).
    The Begin Recognition window opens. This is the window you will use to select previ- ously-scanned music for recognition.
    FIGURE 2 - 1: Begin Recognition window
  2. Press Add Files to List. In the Open dialog box, double-click on the sample file, Fandango.tif, inside the SmartScore folder. This will add the pre-scanned file to the list.
  3. Press Begin Recognition. This is where the magic happens.)
    In the Unify window, click OK to accept the default (Unify key signatures based on the topmost staff line in each system). Accepting the defaults after recognition is usually fine.
    The name Fandango.enf will appear in the Save As file name window. SmartScore’s file extension is ENF (Extended Notation Format). The .enf extension will automatically be added to all file names after recognition. Click on Save.
    Most SmartScore keyboard shortcuts are identical on both Windows and Macintosh com- puters. For Macs with a single mouse button, the right-click function is performed version by holding down the “alt” (Option) key and clicking the mouse.

Scanning and Recognition

Preparing to Scan Music ‌

To scan right away, locate the SCAN button in the toolbar or Navigator and push it.

Start Scan (Toolbar) Start Scan (Navigator)

If your scanner responds well to the SCAN command, you can jump to Section 3.5, "Rec- ognition Sequence" on page 35. To learn more about scanning options in SmartScore, turn to Section 3.2, "Scanning in Macintosh®" on page 30.

If you are scanning with a Mac running Snow Leopard (OS 10.4) or later and your scanner fails to respond to the SCAN command, jump to Section 3.2, "Scanning in Macintosh®" on page 30.

Scanning in SmartScore on Mac computers is not quite as straightforward as Windows. Mac users, jump to "Scanning in Macintosh®", Section 3.2, on page 30.

Scanner Drivers
SmartScore uses “3rd-party drivers” for scanner control. These drivers are installed from the CDs packaged with your scanner. Windows drivers are usually WIA or TWAIN. If you encounter problems when attempting to scan, locate your scanner manufacturers’ website, download and install the most recent scanner driver before calling Musitek Tech- nical Support.
NOTE: Some users may have to select “Custom” from their scanner installers.
Selecting your scanner driver in SmartScore (Windows only)
a. Go to File > Scan Music > Select Scanner. Click on the driver name that corre- sponds to your scanner.
FIGURE 3 - 1: File > Scan Music > Select Scanner

Using to SmartScore X2 29
Windows Users: Select the “WIA xxx” driver associated with your scanner / all-in-one device. If your scanner fails to respond to the SCAN command, try the TWAIN driver that corresponds to your scanner if one is listed.
Choosing a scanner

All scanners are not created equal. Most will work well with SmartScore; some better than others. For an updated list of recommended scanners, visit: https://www.musitek.com/bundle.html

We’ve produced some helpful videos on scanning in SmartScore along with other topics. Visit our video page at:

www.musitek.com/videos.html

To read more about scanning, scanning issues and work-arounds, go online to:

www.musitek.com/scanningnotes.html

or see “Scanning Issues” at www.musitek.com/faqs.html

Scanning in Macintosh®‌‌‌
Macs running Apple OS 10.6 (Snow Leopard) or later have scanner drivers imbedded in the operating system. This limits third-party scanning to those devices selected by Apple.
If your scanner does not respond to the “Scan” command, scanning will have to be done outside of SmartScore.
1. Scanning Outside of SmartScore ‌
  If your scanner does not respond properly in SmartScore’s scanning interface or if you cannot prevent your scanner from creating dithered/half-toned images, you will be a able to create usable images with the scanning software that came with your scanner. Returning to SmartScore, you will be able to Recognize these saved images.
  1. Check that your scanner is on and connected to your computer.
  2. Go to File > Scan Music > Choose Interface > Your Scanner’s. When you push the Scan button, your scanner’s software may open up. If not, launch the scanning software application that came with your scanner.:
  - Place your music in the scanner as squarely as possible
    NOTE: Some scanners, especially lower-cost all-in-one devices have limited settings. If you are unable to locate specific settings described below, choose Text or Docu- ments. Normally, you will not select “Photos”, “Illustrations” or “Color”.
  - Look for Scan type or Output option. Set scanning to Grey (Greyscale).
  - Set Brightness to -20 to -35% for average printed music.
    - Set Resolution to 300-400 dpi for average printed music.
    - Scan between 300-400 dpi (for average-sized printed music). Scan at higher resolu- tions for music printed in smaller-than-average print size. Do not exceed 600 dpi.
    - In the preview pane, crop around but not into the area containing the music.
    - Scan and save multiple-page scores as a PDF file.
    - Scan and save single pages as uncompressed TIFF files. Give a unique filename for each page... e.g. Page1.tif, Page2.tif, etc.
      TIP:Optimum resolution is achieved when the distance between staff lines is about 20 pixels. In SmartScore’s Image Editor, zoom into the image. Referring to the
      mouse position readout in the status bar, measure the distance between two lines in a stave (measure white space only).
2. Scanning Orchestral Scores
  There are several methods that may be used to scan in oversized orchestral scores. Refer online to:
  “My orchestral score is bigger and wider than my scanner.” found in the Support > FAQ section at www.musitek.com
Using the SmartScore Scanning Interface ‌

Go to File > Scan Music > Choose Interface = SmartScore’s. This will ensure that SmartScore’s scanning environment is activated.
Push the Scan button found in the Navigator and in the Toolbar or choose File > Scan Music > Acquire.
When you start scanning, a low-resolution pre-scan will appear in the Preview window. If your scanner does not respond properly inside SmartScore’s scanning interface, select File
> Scan Music > Choose Interface = Your scanner’s and try again. If your scanner still fails to respond correctly, turn to “Scanning Outside of SmartScore” on page 30.
Push Next Page and continue to preview, deskew and scan until you have fin- ished scanning your entire song, project, section or movement. Select Finish when done.

NOTE: If the piece you are processing exceeds 10-15 pages, divide it into smaller, dis- crete sections, e.g. Intro, Part1, Part2, etc.

Scanner settings
The following section lists image-enhancement and scanner settings which you can con- trol within the SmartScore scanning interface.
- Brightness
  The default brightness setting is -35%. For typical printed music, this setting should be fine. If beams smear together and whole and half notes appear closed or “blobbed”, then brighten the scan. If the original music is faded, if it is a weak copy you may want to scan even darker than the default setting. SmartScore wants to see solid, well-defined lines that are neither razor-thin nor smeared together.
- Resolution
  It is recommended that you use Auto-Resolution whenever possible.
  NOTE: When scanning music with staves having different widths (e.g. containing both standard notation and TAB staves or smaller “cue” staff above a piano accompa- niment) or if you continuously receive error messages suggesting alternative res- olutions, turn Auto-resolution OFF and re-scan at 300 dpi.‌
  If you choose to set resolution manually, turn Auto-Resolution off. For most printed music, the recommended resolution is between 300 and 400 dpi. If the original music is printed in smaller type, you can increase resolution to 400 or 500 dpi. For miniature scores, try 600 dpi. SmartScore works best with an optimum resolution. Scanning at too high or too low a resolution will actually reduce recognition accuracy. It is not recom- mended to scan music below 250 dpi or higher than 600 dpi.
Choosing an alternative scanning interface

If your scanner fails to respond properly to the Scan command in the SmartScore interface or your scanned image is unacceptable (partially scanned, distorted, etc.) your alternative is to scan using the software provided with your scanner. See Section 3.2.1, "Scanning Outside of SmartScore" on page 30 for details.

Processing PDF files for Recognition ‌‌
SmartScore will recognize nearly all PDF music files. Before being processed, PDFs are converted to the TIF file format and saved to the default directory. PDF files must be prop- erly pre-scanned to achieve good results. For PDF scanning requirements and procedures, see Section 3.2.1, "Scanning Outside of SmartScore".
To recognize PDF images of printed music,
1. Push the Open File button and select “Image” type. Or push one of the Recogni- tion buttons in the Toolbar or Navigator. The Recognize function is also found under the File menu.
2. After the image is converted from PDF to .TIF, it will open in SmartScore’s Image Editor where you can set grayscale threshold levels as well as delete non- notation pages such as the title page and front matter. While this step is recom- mended, it can be skipped each time or bypassed permanently.
3. A file-selection window Begin Recognition will open. This is where you list your pre-scanned files for recognition by selecting them, rearranging them, removing or reordering them.
  FIGURE 3 - 2: Recognition - Selected Files / Options / Preview
4. In the Begin Recognition window, push Add Files to List.
5. Browse to where your images are stored. Click on an image file to select. If more than one page was scanned in the SmartScore scanning interface, the file will appear as a multi-page list.
  NOTE: You may click on and drag image icon(s) to the selected files list of the Begin Recognition window. Some older Windows operating systems may not support drag-and-drop.
6. Preview pages prior to recognition to check that pages were scanned completely and that no page is severely skewed. Any of these issues will affect recognition results. Select the Preview tab and click on each page to view your pre-scanned pages.
7. Refer to “Recognition Options” on page 36 for details on how recognition options operate.

Reordering the File List
Notice that one file may contain many pages. If you happened to have scanned a page out of sequence or if you notice pages out of order (e.g. “Page10” is listed before “Page2”). To reorder the list of pages to be recognized, click on any page and hit Move Up or Move Down. It will be repositioned. Hitting Remove Files from List will cause that page to be taken off the list and will not be recognized.
Removing, replacing and re-saving scanned pages

If one page of a scanned group is incorrectly scanned or is missing altogether from a multi-page image file (Page group), you may reselect individual pages to form a new page group.

Select (or drag) the original multi-page file inside the selected files list of the
Begin Recognition window.
Highlight a page to remove and push Remove Files from List.
To add a replacement or additional page to the original page group, select or drag the page(s) to the selected files list.
Reorder pages as necessary.

NOTE: If pages were reordered, added to or deleted from the original image file, you will be able to re-save the newly listed pages.

To Save a modified list of grouped pages as a new image file,

Select all pages so they are highlighted and push Save As.
Select the existing name to over-write or type in a new name.
The image file you have just saved contains all pages you scanned. The default file type is “Compressed TIFF” (CCITT Type 4), a multi-page, single-file highly-compressed TIFF file format. It will be approximately 10 times smaller than an uncompressed TIFF image file.
NOTE: If you are going to open the scanned image in Adobe Photoshop®, you may want to save in the larger, uncompressed TIFF format; Photoshop does not currently support CCITT Type 4 files.
TIP:When you Save a file to a specific location, SmartScore will continue to save to that directory until you change it. The same is true when you Open a file.
Remember that SmartScore may look in one directory when opening a file and
then go to a different one when saving a file. Once changed, the new file path
becomes the default.
If the original score contains a coda system break, it’s important to indicate that prior to recognition. SmartScore will recognize split systems if Recognize tablature, per- cussion and split systems is checked.‌‌‌‌
Join Offset Voices (“Y”)
Two notes belonging to opposite voices are often offset even though they’re meant to sound at the same time. By default, noteheads of different (colored) voices having no more than 1/8th of a notehead’s space between them will share the same “time event” and will sound simultaneously after recognition and appear in different colors.
If your music has offset noteheads which are meant to sound simultaneously but gen- erally exceed 1/8-width of a notehead, choose a greater distance. The amount of white space between note heads determines this distance.
If your music has dense polyphonic texture, like that found in solo guitar music or tightly-spaced orchestral passages, it may be necessary to “tighten up” the allowable distance between offset voices. In these cases, choose a distance of less than 1/4 of a notehead.
Setting “Join Offset Voices” to “Exactly aligned” will join only those voices with note- heads that are exactly vertically aligned.
For editing details on joining / un-joining offset voices, see Section 4.5.5, "Correcting Ver- tical Alignment" on page 58).
Part linking (Ctrl + “L”)
When a score is “optimized”, parts (i.e. stafflines) will appear only when they are meant to be played. Otherwise, the parts remain invisible. Optimized systems can be referred to as either “collapsed” or “expanded”. Usually, parts are added to the top of a system, e.g. after a piano introduction, the vocal line will appear above the piano part. This “top-down” arrangement is the default. However, some scores may have parts are added to systems in a “bottom-up” fashion, e.g. existing staves are bumped upwards. If your score is struc- tured in this way, change default to “Add Parts to Bottom”. Orchestral scores, being grouped by instruments, may have no pattern. For more information on part linking and maintaining playback continuity, see "Part Linking (Ctrl+L)", Section 7.7.7, on page 154
Fretboard Strings
The default fretboard for recognition is the six-string guitar. If your music has ukulele fret- boards (4 strings) or some other configuration, change the selection to the correct number of strings.
Scanned pages will be saved as a .TIF file prior to recognition. When recognition is com- plete, a System Report will list the number of parts found in the largest and smallest sys- tems. If any of these do not agree with the original music, investigate the cause before spending a lot of time editing the score... it could be difficult to restructure your score later on.
FIGURE 3 - 4: Post-recognition System Report
- Normally, you will select Open SmartScore file. You can accept or change the name and the destination directory. Press Save to save and open the file.
- If you selected Open Super System, you will be able to view a list of the largest sys- tem. You can locate and edit any system that contains an incorrect number of parts. See for more details.
- If you selected Open Image Editor, the scanned image will open in the Image Editor where you can correct certain flaws in the scanned image. See Section 3.9, "Image Editor" on page 45 for more details.
  A checkbox allows you to skip viewing the System Report in the future. To reset this option, go to Edit > Program Preferences > User Interface > Recognition.
  Another window will prompt you to Unify Key and Time signatures. Refer to for more details.
- If large black areas are pitted with holes (stippled) instead of being solid black, your scan is probably half-toned / dithered and will not recognize well. If you are unsure,
  send the .TIF file to tech@musitek.com. We will confirm whether or not it is half- toned. If you were scanning from inside SmartScore’s scanning interface, scan instead using your scanner’s software observing the guidelines found here: “Scanning Outside of SmartScore” on page 30. For more information on half-toning, refer online to “Dithering” in the FAQ section at www.musitek.com under the Support tab.
If objects such as note stems and staff lines are broken or thin or if objects appear weak and lack clarity, re-scan with -30% to -40% decreased brightness to fill in gaps.
If edges of objects are “stair-stepped” or ragged, it may mean, re-scan with the Auto- Resolution setting checked (On) or increase scanning resolution manually. Optimum distance between horizontal stafflines is 20 pixels. You may use the cursor and readout in the Status Bar (pixel coordinates) to measure exact width of a typical staff line.

If the source document is poorly printed or is faded and weak, try locating a better print copy of the music.

NOTE: Other scan problems such as crooked or offset pages can be corrected in Smart- Score’s Image Editor. See "Image Editing Tools", Section 3.9.2, on page 45.

Following recognition, guitar chord fret symbols may sometimes overlay chord names recognized as text: Raw or “dumb” text chord names will not transpose. To remove “dumb” text fields, use Nudge mode (Shift) and drag the control han- dles of each text field upwards. Use the Select tool and “group delete” all selected text fields.

Recognition accuracy is directly related to the quality of the source document as well as the quality of the scanned image. Very cheap scanners may always produce poor or half- toned images. Remember the saying: “Garbage in / Garbage out”. If after examining the image and consulting the Troubleshooting chart, you are still unable to achieve good rec- ognition results, we invite you to send us your TIFF file(s) for detailed analysis by our technicians.

You can attach your image (TIFF) files to e-mail along with a short description of the problem you experienced to the following address: tech@musitek.com. We will reply as soon as possible. Most likely, we will be able to locate the problem and offer a solution or recommendation.

Troubleshooting Scanning and Recognition ‌

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Problem	Probable Cause	Fix
Scanner does not operate.	Scanner drivers not installed. (Win only)	Install WIA or TWAIN software from scanner manufacturer’s site.
	Scanner not selected. (Win only) Scanner driver is incompatible with computer operating system. (Mac)	Ensure proper scanner driver is selected (File > Scan Music > Choose Scanner).
		Scan outside of Smart- Score. See “Scanning Outside of Smart- Score” on page 30.
	Scanner not connected or not turned on.	Check cabling and power. Use scan test program if available.
“This page should be scanned at xxx dpi. Re- scan or Accept.	Staff widths not con- sistent. Music contains cue, TAB or percussion staves.	Re-scan in Smart- Score’s scanning inter- face with Auto Resolution = off.
	Scanner model used does not support infi- nitely variable DPI (only scans in large increments).	Re-scan with Auto Resolution = off. Man- ually set resolution acceptable to scanner (300 to 600 dpi).
Printed area containing music is too wide or too long to scan on a standard sized scanner.	Actual image size of the music is what counts, not the size of the paper or page.	Refer to “Scanning Issues” section of www.musitek.com/ faqs.html for work- around.
		Reduce original size using photocopier.

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Problem	Probable Cause	Fix
“Recognition failed for this page.”	Scanner set to screen resolution of 72 dpi.	Scan again accepting Auto-resolution set- tings for best results.
	Resolution of scanner set too low.	Manually set resolu- tion to 300-600 dpi. Scan again.
	Page was scanned with too light a setting.	Re-scan with -30% to -35% brightness.
	Scanner was forced to create a black & white image with “dither- ing”.	Re-scan in Your Scan- ner’s interface: Greyscale / 350 dpi.
	Music not fully scanned or is severely skewed.	Re-scan making sure all the music is selected. Scan music straight or use “Deskew” function.
	Image too large for selected resolution.	Re-scan ensuring Auto Resolution = On.
	Image too large for selected resolution.	Accept setting. If rec- ognition is poor, re- scan with Auto-Reso- lution off. Reset to 350 dpi.
Scanner hangs or crashes.	Driver conflict.	Ensure latest scanner drivers are installed.
Scanner hangs or crashes.	Driver conflict.	Scan outside of Smart- Score using software that came with your scanner.

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Problem	Probable Cause	Fix
Poor recognition results.	One or more scanning issues creating less- than-optimum image quality.	Refer to "Recognition Accuracy", Section 3.7, on page 40
	Missing barlines due to light obscuring right margin or to right mar- gin having been cut off during scanning.	Open image file in Image Editor. Use Select Tool to delete obscured regions and the Line Draw tool to restore barlines on right side of systems.
	Image too small for selected resolution.	Scan again accepting Auto-resolution set- tings for best results.
	Note stems “razor thin” due to laser print output.	Open .tif image in Image Editor and apply darker thresholding.
	Handwritten or non- standard notation. Poor print.	Scan well-printed, standard-sized sheet music.
	Poorly printed music.	Decrease brightness level. Find better origi- nal.
	Image not straight (skewed).	Open file in Image Editor (File > Open > Image). Use Deskew tool to straighten each page.
	Stafflines and note stems of canned file are broken or too thin.	Re-scan page(s) with decreased brightness setting.

Image Editor ‌

Opening files in the Image Editor
Following the final scan of music pages, you can choose to “Open Image Editor”. This choice will stop the recognition process and open the scanned pages in the Image Editor. At any time, you can open and edit an existing image file with the “Open” command.
The Image Editor allows you to manually draw in missing system brackets and/or barlines prior to recognition. You can erase or add details as well as being able to delete large areas of unwanted material from the image.
After touching up scanned pages, recognition can be launched directly from the Image Editor by pushing the “Recognition” button in the Toolbar. Launching rec- ognition will ask you to first save the image with a new name.
- Loading a prescanned image file
  To open an image file you have previously scanned,
  1. Press the Open button on the Navigator or choose Open (Ctrl + O) (Cmnd + O
    for Mac) from the File menu.
  2. Change Files of Type pull-down menu to Image Files.
  3. Browse and highlight an image file from the listed saved files. Press Open.
Image Editing Tools ‌
- Image Information
  Select View > Image Information to display characteristics about the current scanned image including resolution, file type and page size.
- Zoom
  To Zoom in and out click the Zoom Tool in the Toolbar (Ctrl + Q). Click inside the image will increase the scale of your view (Zoom In), while right-click (alt / option + click for Mac) will decrease the scale of your view (Zoom Out).
- Page
To view pages of an image file, use the paging buttons in the Toolbar or select
Next Page/ Previous Page from the View menu.
- Image Toolbar
  Crop
  Select
  Delete Page
  Line
  Color
  RotateR
  Deskew
  Invert
  Freehand
  Thickness
  RotateL
  Threshold
Page Tools

Select
FIGURE 3 - 6: Image Editor Toolbar
Used for selecting a region for cropping, deleting, cutting or copying.
Crop
To crop an image file (trimming unwanted portions of your image from outside a marked frame),
1. Press the Select button in the Image Toolbar.
2. With your mouse, drag a box around the area you wish to keep. If you want to extend the cropping region outside of the display, keep dragging; the page will scroll as you drag up or down.
3. To adjust the marked bounded area, move your cursor over a boundary line, click and drag the boundary to a new position.
4. Select Crop from the Edit menu OR press the Crop button in the Image Toolbar. The resulting image will be reduced to the area inside the bounded frame. Remember to Save when done.
- Correcting Skew
  Page through each scanned image and check for relative straightness of each image page. If a page appears tilted or skewed, recognition accuracy will be compromised. The Deskew tool rotates the image slightly to correct skewed pages and will optimize recogni- tion accuracy.
  1. Press the Deskew button in the Image Toolbar or select Deskew from the Edit
    menu.
  2. Position the cursor over a staff line. Starting from the left side, click and drag the mouse along the length of the staff line. A red “skew angle” line will display as you drag the mouse. When you are certain the red “skew angle” line parallels the staff line, let go. The page will automatically straighten. Repeat for each page. Remember to Save when done.
  NOTE: If the page becomes incorrectly rotated, undo with Ctrl + z / Cmnd + z for Mac
  (or select Edit > Undo).
Invert
If the image you open in SmartScore is white-on-black (instead of the normal black-on- white), then you should reverse the image output in your scanning software. SmartScore defaults to 0=white polarity.
If your scanned image appears white on black, choose Edit > Invert or choose the Invert
button from the Toolbar.
Delete Page
If there is more than one scanned page in the image file, the Delete Page function is active. Use it to remove poorly scanned or duplicated pages. To re-scan and restore deleted pages, see Section 3.4.2, "Removing, replacing and re-saving scanned pages" on page 35.
Freehand Draw (Brush)
To draw free hand lines in your image file, select Brush from the Edit menu OR press the Brush button in the Image Toolbar. Choose a line width then click and drag to paint.
Line Draw
Some printed scores have weak or missing stafflines and/or brackets that can create prob- lems during recognition and may result in missing or incorrectly bracketed systems. Sometimes, by accident, brackets and/or barlines are cut off during scanning. If this is the case, you can manually draw in staff line and brackets or enhance their thicknesses.
To restore cut-off or missing system brackets,
1. Select Edit > Line or choose Line Draw in the Image Toolbar.
2. Push the Pen Color push button in the Image Toolbar, if necessary, to choose Black Color.
3. In the Width pull-down selector, choose a fairly wide thickness (10-20 pixels).
4. Click and drag the mouse to draw a line along the missing or broken bracket along the left margin of the music.
  FIGURE 3 - 7: Using Line Draw tool to restore missing bracket
5. When finished modifying the image. Select File > Save As and give it a name. You may then Recognize the file with corrections.
- Line / Brush Thickness
  To change the width of brush or line tool, select a new size from the Width menu in the Image Toolbar. Select from 1 to 50 pixels.
  - Black / White Color toggle (Eraser)
    Push the “Eraser” button to activate white color. Push again to deactivate it for black color. Or choose Pen Color > Black or White from the Edit menu.
- Rotate Left / Rotate Right
  To rotate an image file (for landscape formatted scores or upside down scans), go to the
  Edit menu and highlight Rotate OR press one of the Rotate buttons in the Image Toolbar.
- Rotate the image Left (90 degree rotation).
- Rotate the image Right (90 degree rotation).
- Select Edit > Rotate > Any to rotate at angles other than 90 degrees.
- Thresholding
  If note stems and/or staff lines are “razor thin”, recognition will be improved by darkening the image. Use this feature to manually convert grey images to black & white using a vari- able threshold (75% lighter to 75% darker). Many PDF music files and sheets output from laser printers have thin lines (1 pixel wide.) Move the threshold slider far to the right in cases of “razor thin” lines.
  - Begin Recognition
    After modifying the image, you can save and begin recognition of it by pushing the “Begin recognition” button in the Toolbar.
  - Cut (Edit > Cut)
    To cut an area from the scanned image, hit Delete button. Or use the Select tool and drag a box. Cut with Ctrl + “X”.
  - Copy
    To copy an area without removing it from the image, use the Select tool and drag a box with the mouse. Select Edit > Copy (Ctrl + C (Win) / Cmnd + C (Mac)).
  - Paste
  To Paste the cut or copied region into an image file, select Edit > Paste (Ctrl + V / Cmnd
  + V (Mac)). The cut or copied section will drop into the image. With the mouse, drag the fragment anywhere within the image and release the left mouse button. To fix the frag- ment in place, click outside the pasted fragment.

Playback ‌
1. Working with the Aria Player and Garritan sounds ‌‌‌
  SmartScore X2 is configured to automatically open both the Playback Console and the Aria Player when a new file is opened or recognized.
  FIGURE 4 - 1: Aria player with SmartScore Playback Console
  To load preset instruments for playback,
  1. In the Aria player, select one of several instrument presets by clicking into the lower left corner of the “Ensemble” window.
  2. Click on “SmartScore” and select “All_Piano”. All channels will play a Grand Piano sound. Other combinations can be selected from “SmartScore” preset list.
    To load individual instruments,
    1. Click on any of the 16 instrument/channel slots in the Aria player.
    2. Select an instrument from one of seven instrument groups under “SmartScore”.‌
      IMPORTANT: The Aria player will play only those channels that are displayed in the channel list of SmartScore's Playback Console.
      
      Using to SmartScore X2 50
      Use the transport controls in the Playback Console or Mini Console to control playback. The spacebar can be used to start and stop playback, but not when the focus is on the Aria player. To activate spacebar for playback, click outside of the Aria player window.
      Volume, Pan, Mute, Solo and Transpose pitch controls are all active in Playback Console.
      If a part is not playing back or is playing the wrong sound, make sure you have the right instrument correctly assigned to each instrument/channel slot. Remember that only those channels listed in SmartScore’s Playback Console will sound in the Aria player.
      NOTE: Instrument names in the Playback Console are not active when using the Aria Player. Only those instruments loaded in the Aria player are activated.
      4.1.1 Notes on working with the Aria player
      - Manipulating playback windows
    Both the Aria and Playback Console windows are “floating” and can be easily moved out of the way when editing the ENF notation file. When either window is closed, current instrument settings are saved. In order to reassign instruments, playback windows will need to be reopened.
    To reopen Playback Console, push the “Console” button in the lower toolbar. To reopen Aria player, push the VST or AU button in the lower toolbar.
    To exit Aria player and revert to General MIDI Instrument playback, select General
    MIDI or MIDI Mapper from "MIDI Devices" under the Playback menu. This will enable you to insert multiple instrument changes. For details, see "Changing instrument sounds on the fly", Section 4.5.4, on page 58.
    The Aria player is loaded with useful features including effects and the ability to add more Garritan sounds. The Aria user manual can be found under the HELP menu > SmartScore manual (PDF) > Aria Player for SmartScore X2.
    - Burning Audio to DVD with the Aria player
    We recommended using Aria for playback whenever you save to an audio file or burn playback audio to DVD.
    For information on saving to audio files or burning audio to DVD, refer to Chap- ter "Recording to Audio (Save as file / Burn to CD)", Section 10.14, on page 223.
    For detailed information on Dynamic and Articulations palettes, see "Articulations pal- ette", Section 7.6.2, on page 138 or "Dynamics Palette", Section 7.6.3, on page 144.
    4.4.1 Tuplets and Slurs (Legatos)‌
    While in the Insert mode, select a triplet (“T” key) from the “Notes” palette or select Legato from the “Articulations” palette.
    
    Creating a triplet
    
    Creating a slur
    
    FIGURE 4 - 5: Creating a Tuplet or Slur (legato)
    1. Click and drag down to insert the tuplet or legato above the notes to be selected.
    2. Click and drag up to insert the tuplet or legato below the notes to be selected.
      To delete a tuplet or articulation
    3. Ctrl+click on it, press the “X” key then click again on the object. Or use the Select tool (“O” key) to highlight one or more tuplets and/or legatos.
    4. Once selected, push the Delete key.
    NOTE: To resize or move a tuplet bracket, use Nudge mode and drag the control point located on either end of the tuplet.
    SmartScore can cope well with repeats, jumps and endings both simple and complex. For proper playback to occur, repeats and endings must be unambiguous and logical.
    With SmartScore’s alt repeat tool you are able to set the sequence of numbered endings as well as how many times they should repeat.
    To create a numbered ending or edit an existing numbered barline,
    1. Select Start Alt Rep button from the “Barlines and Repeats” palette then click on the appropriate barline to assign its sequence properties.
    2. The Repeats window will open. Choose “1” to assign the next repeat sequence as the first ending.
    3. The Close Ending tool will appear on the cursor. Click on the last barline that terminates the first ending. The cursor then switches again to the Start Ending tool.
    4. Click on barline that begins the second ending (it may be the same barline that closes the first ending). Choose “2” as the sequence number of the second end-
      ing.
      
      FIGURE 4 - 12: Multiple Endings
    5. Finally, click the barline that “closes out” the last ending.
    Occasionally, you may wish to change an existing numbered barline to a “normal un-num- bered” barline. This would apply to a barline that was mis-recognized as being numbered or to undo a one that had been previous edited as numbered.
    To change a numbered ending barline to a “normal” barline,
    1. Ctrl + click on a nearby barline (or pick it off the Barlines palette). Click directly to the left of the numbered ending. This inserts the selected barline.
    2. Delete the numbered ending (hit the “X” key and click to delete).
    NOTE: Repeat barlines are critical for correct playback. Remember, the number given to each ending represents the order each ending will play within a repeated sec- tion. You can have multiple “1st & 2nd endings” provided each set of endings is placed inside repeat barlines. Without repeat bars, SmartScore will interpret it as “Repeat last section this number of times.”. Jumps are different... they are not sequential. For more information about non-sequential jumping, see "Repeated verses", Section 4.6.1, on page 60.
    Usually, changes of time and key signatures at the end of a system are preceded by a dou- ble barline. If for any reason playback hesitates after a change of key or time signature, make sure the barline preceding the signature is actually a double barline. Two single bar- lines will cause playback to hesitate.Jumps
    D.C. (da capo) means “from the beginning” or “return to the beginning”.
    To have playback return to the beginning of the piece and play through to the end,
    - Select the D.C. button from the “Barlines and Repeats” palette.
      Fine means ending. It is usually placed in the middle of a repeated ending and terminates the song.
      To have the last repeat stop, return to the Segno and continue on to the end of the piece,
      1. Insert a Fine sign by clicking on the barline that marks the final end point.
      2. Select d.s. al Fine (meaning “from the sign to the end”) from the “Barlines and Repeats” palette.
      3. Insert either the d.s. al Coda or d.s. al Fine mark by clicking the barline where the last repeat is to begin.
      To have the final repeat or ending return to the beginning and play through to the Fine,
    - Place the Fine sign at the appropriate barline. Select and insert d.c. al Fine in a mea- sure following the Fine sign.
      Repeat signs, ending markings (including Codas and Segnos) are found in the “Barlines and Repeats” palette. Using repeat signs properly will alter playback accordingly.
    - Apply (changed property) to All:
      Selecting this option will update playback properties of the same mark throughout the score.
    - Apply Setting(s) to All Future Files:
      Selecting this option will permanently reset the default value for the selected property to its new values for all future ENF files.
    - Back to Default:
      This will reset values to application launch defaults.
    - Reset Defaults;
      This will return values to new installation defaults.
    - Extend duration: Duration of notes associated with the slur.
    - None: No increase of note duration.
    - Tempo slider: Reset tempo value.
    - Uncommon Name: Enter an alternative name for the tempo marking (e.g. “really fast”).
    - Velocity sliders: Start value and Ending velocity values.
    - Permutations: The number of half-step movements.
    - Volume slider: Resets the volume for the current part.
    - Range: 10 to 127 (General Volume)
    - Divisions = The number of beats to be applied to the tuplet. Value = The number of (equal) notes that would be in the group if no tuplet were applied. See 4.4.1 on page 55 for more details.
    - Hide = Do not show (uncheck to show) Value number or Symbol bracket.
    - Apply to: Only this symbol or All symbols in current file.
      FIGURE 4 - 19: Tuplet Properties
      NOTE: Default settings for how tuplets appear can be changed in Text Symbols and
      Score symbols tabs found in Program Preferences or Document Preferences.
      Pickup, measures normally begin a piece or section with a truncated measure having less beats than the time signature calls for. It is often associated with a “closeout” measure at the end of the section. Split-measures are divided between the final measure of one system and continue through the first measure of the following system.
      Pickup Measure (Typical) Split Measure (Typical)
      FIGURE 4 - 21: Pickup and split measures
      Incomplete, pickup, closeout and split measures will normally cause playback to hesitate. By default, SmartScore applies the exact number of beats to each measure (Lock to Time Signature).
      To play individual measures exactly as written,
      1. Select Properties Tool and click on the barline that precedes the measure in question.
      2. In the Playback combo box, choose “As written”.
      FIGURE 4 - 22: Barline Properties
      Sometimes a score will contain so many split or incomplete measures that you will simply want to play it entirely without hesitation. In this case, you will want to apply “Play as written” to the Playback tab in Document Preferences.
      To play all measures in the document exactly as written,
    - Go to Edit > Document Preferences. In the Time Signature (Lock to Time Signature) pull-down menu, select “Play as written”. All measures are now unlocked.
      
      FIGURE 4 - 23: Document Preferences > Playback > Play as Written
      In Barline Properties, you can also create system breaks (Codas) and page breaks.
      NOTE: If the original score contains a coda system break, it’s important to indicate that prior to recognition. SmartScore will recognize split systems if Recognize tabla- ture, percussion and split systems is checked in the Begin Recognition dialog. For more information, see "Recognition Options", Section 3.5.1, on page 36.
      To create a Coda (Split system)
      - Select Properties Tool and click on the barline that begins a measure of interest. Choose Actions > “Split System”.
        FIGURE 4 - 24: Creating Codas (Split Systems)
        
        Other Playback Options ‌‌
        Karaoke View
        Feel like singing out loud? Hey, you only live once...
        To view moving lyrics with familiar bouncing ball,
        Press the Karaoke button in the Navigator palette.
        The Options menu allow for changes in the Karaoke display. These options are also available in Edit > Program Preferences.
        Open the Playback Console (Ctrl + 9 / Cmnd + 9 for Mac) to adjust tempo and change instrument assignments for parts and voices.
        Instrument Templates
        Instrument Templates is the “source” from which instruments are created and linked to parts in the System Manager (See Section 7.4 on page 124.).
        a. To open Instrument Templates, select Edit > Instrument Templates or hit Ctrl
        + F Win (Cmnd + F Mac) or push “Open Instrument Templates” from inside System Manager.
        FIGURE 4 - 25: Instrument Templates
        To change or add a new instrument template,
        Hit (Ctrl+FCmnd+F) or Edit > Instrument Templates.Click in the Name
        field of any template and type to change the given name of an instrument.
        To change an abbreviation, click then type inside the Abbr field.
        Click and select a different MIDI instrument from the Instrument list to change default MIDI instrument assignment.
        Transpose displays the default playback transposition for selected instruments. The MIDI representation will reflect the transposed shift in pitch.
        Various sets of MIDI instruments can be selected in Instrument Settings pull- down menu. Instrument sets acquire their names by clicking on the Instrument Settings button and selecting a set.
        To save settings for future ENF files, check “Save for Future”.
        Transposed instruments ‌
        Transposed instruments do not actually play the pitches notated in the score. To play them back in tune with the other non-transposed instruments, they must have their playback adjusted up or down by certain intervals. This “playback transposition” is already preset in Instrument Templates for most transposed instruments. The number in this column repre- sents the amount of pitch change (+/-) in half-step increments.
        Adding instruments
        You can add new instruments with unique names and playback parameters as well as change existing names and parameters for any existing template. All templates are acces- sible in the Part Name column of the System Manager. For more information on the Sys- tem Manager, turn to "System Manager", Section 7.4.
        Add drum tracks
        Adding an automatic drum track will add more pizazz to the mix.
        Push the Drum Pattern button in the Toolbar to select an appropriate pattern for your piece. For more information on adding or creating drum tracks, go to "Auto- matic Drum Patterns", Section 9.5.
        Swing
        This feature applies standard swing rhythm to straight 8th and 16th notes notated in beamed groups. SmartScore will modify playback and the underlying MIDI representation as follows:
        To apply swing to playback,
        In the Playback menu, click on Swing.
        
        ENF Graphical controllers ‌‌
        With the Velocity graphical controller you can vary note velocities of each note cluster quickly and smoothly. With the Tempo controller, you can “draw in” tempo variations smoothly over time. Controllers can be accessed either in the ENF Toolbar or below the Piano Roll window in MIDI view.
        FIGURE 4 - 26: Text and Controllers
        Velocity Controller
        In ENF score view, push the “Velocity controller” button to activate. Click and drag your mouse along the vertical bars which represent each note’s velocity. The higher the bar, the more the velocity.
        FIGURE 4 - 27: ENF Velocity Controller
        Tempo Controller ‌
        Push the “Tempo controller” button to active. The horizontal line in the topmost staff represents default tempo. To vary tempo, click and drag your mouse up or down. The last tempo point will be fixed until changed.
        FIGURE 4 - 28: ENF Tempo Controller
        NOTE: For ritards, accelerandos and descelerandos, use the Properties tool instead of the Tempo Controller. You will have much more predicable results. See 4.9.5 on page 67 for information on these properties.
        Normalize controllers
        After making changes to Tempo or Velocity controllers, you may find you have created greater-than-desired changes to playback. If so, you may globally reduce the effects of either controller by applying normalizing.
        Normalize Tempo Controller (Before)
        Tempo Controller after normalizing by 80%
        FIGURE 4 - 29: Normalizing Tempo
        To reduce effects of either Tempo or Velocity graphical controllers
        Choose Playback > Graphical Controller
        Select either Normalize Tempo or Normalize Velocity.
        Choose amount of reduction desired: 20% / 40% / 60% or 80%. Controller dis- play and playback will change accordingly.
        Choosing Reset removes all controller changes and resets the default settings. Tempo markings inserted into ENF will still take effect. The end result is an aver- aging of all tempo values.
        Working with Finale® and other scorewriters or programs. SmartScore full version works seamlessly with MakeMusic’s® Finale® program. If you already own a version of Finale or Print Music with SmartScore Lite, SmartScore can be made to launch automatically when “Music Scanning” is launched in Finale...
        To launch Finale and import the current SmartScore file,
        Push the “Save as XML and open in Finale” button in the lower Toolbar. The cur- rent ENF file will be saved as an XML file. Finale is then launched (provided it is installed) and the SmartScore file will import as a MusicXML file.
        Converting SmartScore files to other file types
        To save SmartScore files in one of several different file formats...
        In the File > Save As (File type/Format) pull-down menu, choose one of the following formats to save the ENF score to:
        
        MusicXML (.XML) MusicXML has quickly become the most widely used file format for the exchange of music notation files between scorewriters. Most well- known notation scorewriting programs now support importing and exporting MusicXML files including Sibelius®, Finale®, Notion®, Personal Composer® and others.‌
        MIDI files (.MID) will import playback data into most other music software programs with no page formatting. All graphical information about note position, stem direction, voices, etc. are lost. MIDI is to music what ASCII is to text.
        
        Maintaining playback continuity ‌‌‌‌
        Playback may loose continuity for several reasons, e.g. system braces/brackets were cut off during scanning or in the case of optimized scores, where the number of parts varies between systems.
        Merging Systems ‌‌‌
        For parts to play simultaneously, they must be joined by a bracket along the left-hand mar- gin. If during scanning, brackets of the original score are cut off by mistake or if some- thing “breaks” the solid line of a bracket, one or more parts become separated and will appear in ENF as single-line systems. If so, all parts will not play back simultaneously. SmartScore has a tool to rejoin broken systems; forming a larger, corrected system.
        To merge two systems into one larger system,
        Position your cursor over the topmost broken system or staff line. Hit Ctrl+L / Cmnd+L (Mac). The Re-link Parts window will open up.
        FIGURE 4 - 30: Relink Parts / Merging Systems
        The active system highlights in grey. Using the checkboxes, reassign each high- lighted staff to its correct part name and position in what will become the final, reformed system. Apply to = System.
        Press the Next System button and reassign each highlighted staff line to its cor- rect part name as you did above. Return to the first staff of the final, reformed system by selecting Previous System.
        Now, check the Merge with checkbox. When the Next System button is pushed, the two systems will join into a single system. Continue using Next System again until all separated parts are correctly joined. Review Part Name check- boxes for correctness.
        Restoring a missed or “invisible” staff line ‌‌
        Occasionally, a staff line inside a system may have been missed during recognition due to flaws in the original score. Or in the case of an optimized score, you may want to restore a “hidden” (optimized) staff.
        First, you want to check that parts in the shorted system are properly linked. Posi- tion the cursor inside the system and hit Ctrl + L to open Re-link Parts.
        Put a check next to the appropriate visible parts. Leave the missing part unchecked. Make sure the order of the parts you check correspond to the actual staffline and the missing part remains unchecked. Hit OK.
        Select the Properties tool (Esc key).
        NOTE: Yellow arrows along each system bracket indicate all possible parts, visible or invisible. They correspond to the “Super System” in System Manager.
        With your cursor in the affected system, click on a “floating” yellow arrow that corresponds to the missing staff line you wish to restore.
        In the “Staff Properties” window check “Visibility”. Make sure “Show Staff” is also selected.
        In the “Apply To:” pull-down menu, select “Current Staffline or System”.
        TIP:Hit the “U” key and select Unify Key Signatures (based on First System). Hit OK and the key signatures of the score will become unified. Now you need only to fill in the missing notes. Remember you can always use Copy and Paste to clone measures of notes at a time whenever possible.
        Re-linking parts ‌‌‌
        Occasionally, scores will contain collapsed or expanded systems (sometimes referred to as “optimized systems”). Unless you re-link parts, these systems will not playback with the correct instrumentation.‌‌‌‌
        The Re-link Parts function allows you to reassign each visible staff with its correct part (as defined by Part Name in System Manager). By re-linking parts of optimized scores, parts will play back correctly as they disappear and reappear throughout the score.
        NOTE: Parts listed in Re-link Parts window are derived from the Part Name column of the System Manager (see "System Manager", Section 7.4, on page 124 for more information). Checked boxes identify which parts are assigned to the active sys- tem. Before re-linking, make sure all possible parts have been created.
        To re-link parts in a system,
        From the FILE menu, select “Part Linking”. Or, hit Ctrl+L (Win) / Cmnd+L
        (Mac). This will open the Re-link Parts window:.
        FIGURE 4 - 31: Re-link Parts window
        Check the part names that are associated with each staff in the active system. Be sure to remove checks from parts that are not associated with the active system. Larger systems may require scrolling down the list. The program will not allow you to select more or less parts than actually appear in the active system.
        To view adjacent systems, press Next or Prev System.
        In the Apply To box, press Apply to apply to active system. System+ will apply to the active system plus all subsequent systems.
        Page #1 of Orchestral Score
        
        Page #2 of Orchestral Score
        In this example, the first page consists of one system having 15 parts (15 staves per system). With the cursor positioned over the system and Re-link Parts opened, 15 parts will be checked.
        
        The second page contains 3 systems each with 6 staves. Many parts that appeared on the first page have dropped out. With the cursor positioned over one of the systems, 15 Part Names will be listed but only 6 will be checked in the Re-link Parts window. In this case, it was necessary to remove all check marks and then check the top six parts to reestablish proper part linking.
        See FIGURE 4 - 31:. Notice that the re- linked parts were applied to all subse- quent systems (System+) from the top- most active system.
        
        FIGURE 4 - 32:
        Re-linking an orchestral score
        3rd-party VST (Windows) and AU (Mac) audio setup ‌
        SmartScore hosts third-party sound libraries compiled for VST (for Windows) and Audio Units (for Macintosh). Some sound libraries may not be supported.
        Go to the Playback menu again and select VST or AU Setup. Push Add and browse to the plug in folder created when your sound library was installed. If the plug-in folder cannot be located, reinstall the library and be sure to install the audio plug-in.
        FIGURE 4 - 33: VST (Win) and AU (Mac) Setup
        Go to Playback menu and select MIDI Devices. Click on “VST Plugins” (Win) or “Audio Units” (Mac) from inside the Output window. Click OK.
        FIGURE 4 - 34: Playback > MIDI Devices
        To return to your computer’s wavetable sound set, open Playback > MIDI Devices and reselect the desired driver.
        Once the desired plug-in is selected, push OK. In the main ENF view, push the VST (or AU) button in the Toolbar to open the plug-in player.
        MIDI Setup
        It may be necessary to identify the MIDI device attached to your system in order for SmartScore to play General MIDI instruments. In the Playback menus, select MIDI Devices and choose General MIDI or MIDI Mapper. Most computers today provide built-in MIDI synthesis. This allows you to select and play General MIDI (GM) sounds without installing an outboard synthesizer or soundcard.
        To set the MIDI input and output devices,
        Select MIDI Devices from the Playback menu. The MIDI Devices window will open.
        FIGURE 4 - 35: Playback > MIDI Devices
        Click on the MIDI Output device you wish to use for MIDI playback. The MIDI device window will display all installed MIDI device drivers.
        If you intend to record in SmartScore, select the desired MIDI recording device/ interface in Input window.
        NOTE: If the desired device is not listed in the MIDI Devices window make sure your MIDI device driver has been properly installed.
        Press OK to set the selected MIDI devices as your MIDI sources.
        NOTE: You may need to close any open MIDI programs. Some MIDI programs prevent playback by blocking the MIDI Out port.
        Audio MIDI Setup (Macintosh)‌
        To access Audio MIDI Setup in Mac OS X, locate “Utilities” folder inside the “Applica- tions” folder. Double-click on Audio MIDI Setup.
        FIGURE 4 - 36: Applications > Utilities > Audio MIDI Setup (Mac)
        If you have external MIDI devices installed such as an external synthesizer module and MIDI interface, they should appear as icons in the window. Using your mouse, drag the “Out” arrow of the source device to the “In” arrow of the receiving device and vice-versa. Internal connections should then be established. Close Audio MIDI Setup.f
        FIGURE 4 - 37: Connecting MIDI Devices in Audio MIDI Setup
        With SmartScore ENF file open on your Mac, go to Playback menu, click and select Play- back at the bottom of the list. Choose CoreMIDI Playback to activate devices connected in Audio MIDI Setup. To activate built-in soft-synthesizer (Macintosh QuickTime Musical Instruments), choose QT Internal Playback.
Basic Score Editing
This section describes basic SmartScore editing features. For information on advanced editing techniques such as part extraction, optimizing scores, managing systems, applying or changing instrument templates, reformatting, respacing, page reformatting, print setup and part linking, turn to Chapter "Detailed ENF Editing", Section 7), on page 115. Many editing and playback default settings are accessible in either Document Preferences or Program Preferences under the Edit menu. See "Preferences", Section 11.1, on page 225 for details.
1. Navigating Inside an ENF Document ‌‌
  The TIF/ENF split screen format can be changed to display only the ENF view with a floating “scan view window” corresponding to the same region in the scanned image where your cursor is placed.
  To view full-screen ENF pane with a floating scan window:
  - Go to the Window menu and select Scan View window.
    By dragging the Split Pane control up or down, you can quickly view more of the TIF pane or more of the ENF pane.
    FIGURE 5 - 2: Window pane shade control bar (View > Split Screen > Vertical)
    The slider to the right of the Toolbar controls both the TIFF / ENF window shade bar.
    The status bar at the bottom of the SmartScore window contains information about the current page being viewed. Clicking inside any of these fields will open a control window: Page Number (Go To), Page Size (Page Setup) or Zoom Level (Zoom).
    If your score was scanned, ENF pages will probably not be centered. Page Setup provides various tools for controlling print layout. The simplest way to center music on each page is to select the Fit to Page layout option.
    To center ENF frames prior to printing...
    - Open Page Setup. In the Document Page Setup pull-down menu, choose Center on Page. Click Apply.
    NOTE: Various document layouts can be applied in Page Setup. For exam- ple, you may want to have alternating left/right margins for bound scores.
    To explore other printing layout options, see "Changing default margins", Section 6.3.2, on page 106.
    To print your score,
  - Select File > Print or push the Print button in the Toolbar.
    To save your ENF score as a PDF file,
  - Select File > Save As PDF.
    Windows Users: CutePDF is the default PDF creator application, but several other alter- natives may be installed and used.
    To select an alternative PDF creator application for Windows,
    1. Open Edit > Program Preferences and click on ENF-PDF.
    2. Install an alternative PDF creation program and select it in the pull-down menu in the upper part of the window.‌
    5.5.1 Optimizing oversized and undersized scanned scores
    Modern “intelligent” scanners can (and will) do some unexpected things... in order to attain required resolutions (dpi), some scanners will actually re-scale the size of the image. An 8.5” x 11” page may end up becoming 9” x 13”. Since SmartScore matches the size of music scanned exactly, the resulting ENF file may print off the page. If this is the case, you can “optimize” the size of the SmartScore frame to fit precisely inside the margins of your default page size and orientation.
    To re-scale (optimize) your ENF pages,
    1. Center the score on the page. (See "Page Centering", Section 6.3.1, on page 105)
    2. Go to File>Format Score. Check Scale score. Push Find Optimal. OK.
    FIGURE 5 - 13: Format Score window
    TIP:The Reset Workspace button (or F1 key) will reset all windows and palettes to their default “startup” positions. It’s useful if your workspace gets messy.‌
    An alternative to Real Time Recording is Step Time Recording. Step Time Recording is done in MIDI and can be a very fast method of entering in notes (when you can’t scan it in of course!). For more, turn to "Step Time Recording", Section 10.9.
Reformatting, Part Extraction & Page Setup (Score Structure)‌‌

The MIDI Edition will allow you to edit the score and even reformat page layout, etc. However, since MIDI Edition does not print, it doesn’t make a lot of sense to spend time changing score layout because this edition will only create MIDI files and/or burn to CD.
1. Reformatting scores in ENF view ‌‌‌
  Measures, staff lines, systems and even pages can be resized, compressed or expanded while maintaining proper note spacing. Parts can be extracted from the score and/or recombined to form conductor’s scores. Page layout and margins can then be selected, modified and previewed prior to printing.
  NOTE: It’s best to correct mistakes before reformatting the score because synchroniza- tion between the ENF window and the original scan window (in yellow) will probably become lost. Even if synchronization is lost, a floating Scan View refer- ence window is available. For more details, see "Split-screen and scan view ref- erence views", Section 7.11.1, on page 164.
  System widths can be changed one-by-one or globally.
  To globally change system widths,
  - See "Changing default margins", Section 6.3.2, on page 106.
    Single system widths can be changed in the ENF main view by dragging either end point tab in the upper ruler margin.
    FIGURE 6 - 16: Using tabs to change staff distances and system widths
    The lower tab towards the left margin adjusts the position of instrument Part Names.
  - Position the cursor over a staff to make it active. The bottom-most red tab controls the distance between the active system and the system below it. Each staff will have a red
    tab aligned with its topmost line. These tabs change distances between staff lines. The “T” tab on top changes the margin between the active staff and the staff above it.
    
    Active Staff
    
    Changing staff distances (Red tab)
    Changing system distances (“T” tab)
    FIGURE 6 - 17: Using tabs to change staff distances and system widths
  - Drag the blue tab aligned with the bottom line of any staff up or down. The staff will resize vertically.
    Resizing staff height (Before dragging blue tab)
    Resizing staff height (After dragging blue tab)
    FIGURE 6 - 18: Using tabs to change staff distances and system widths
  - In Page Setup, change margins of each page by moving tabs inside the vertical and/or horizontal rulers.
    NOTE: Changing margins is done on a page-by-page basis. Tabs inside vertical and hori- zontal rulers will affect only the active (highlighted) page. Move cursor over a page to make it active. To change width of a single system, see "Vertical Refor- matting (Line, staff and system spacing using tabs)", Section 6.2, on page 103.
  - To select an alternative (custom) document layout,
    Select the layout you want to apply from the Document Layout pull-down menu as described below:
  - Measures per system
    FIGURE 6 - 1: Format Score window
    Select a fixed number of measures for every system in the score.
  - Apply punctuation
    Apply auto-spacing to reformatted measures.
  - Setup indents
    Set indent for 1st system.
  - Setup spacing.
    Set staff and system spacing.‌
  - Scale entire score (optimize score size)
    Following recognition and before printing, scores can be resized up or down to fit the default page size. This is particularly useful when scores were incorrectly scaled by some scanners (e.g. all-in-one scanners); correcting overly large-scale or small-scale ENF files.
    To rescale the ENF score (optimize page size for printing)
    1. Push Find Optimal button in Format Score window. The optimal ENF page resize amount is calculated and will appear in percentage window.
    2. Push OK to apply change in page size.
    3. Open Page Setup (File > Page Setup) and change Document Layout to “Center on Page”. Push Apply to view changes in Preview mode. Push OK to close Page Setup.
    Extracting instrumental parts out of a conductor’s score in Score Structure is similar to creating a conductor’s score from score-parts, just reversed. NOTE: All SmartScore files (ENF documents) must contain at least one Score-Part linked to at least one Part.
    1. Open an ENF file with 2 or more staves per system.
    2. Select Edit > Score Structure.
    Ensemble score having 4 parts
    
    Inserting New Score-Parts
    
    Naming and re-inking Parts to New Score-Parts
    Here is a typical “ensemble” score containing several parts linked to it. Since all parts are joined, there is only one Score- Part.
    Click on the empty Score-Part and push Insert to create three new Score-Parts. Drag each Part (child) to new Score Parts (par- ent) to deconstruct the ENF doc- ument. Right-click (option + click for Mac) in Properties and give a name to each.
    FIGURE 6 - 6: Creating Score Parts from Ensemble scores
    Push Apply to New. This will create a new document with 4 Score-Parts arranged in order (all pages of Part 1 first, then all pages of Part 2, etc). Playback remains synchronized. Again, the original ENF document will remain open and unchanged.

Detailed ENF Editing ‌

Quick Keys

TIP: Refer to the Quick Keys map (FIGURE 7 - 4:) for a graphic depiction of all SmartScore keyboard shortcut keys.

Quick-select (Ctrl + Click)
The fastest way to choose any object for inserting, deleting or changing is to Quick-select it first. Ctrl + Click on any object inside the active staff and the cursor inherits all of that object’s attributes.The cursor becomes any object that is Quick-Selected.
Inserting and changing symbols (“C”)‌
To insert a symbol anywhere in the active staffline,
1. Toggle the “C” key to activate the Insert mode.
2. Quick-select any symbol or select it from a tool palette.
3. Click inside the active staff to insert the object.
To change the rhythmic value of an existing note or rest,
1. Quick-select (Ctrl+click) a nearby note or rest having the desired value. Or select a new value from the “Notes” or “Rests” palette.
2. Position the cursor over the symbol to be changed until it highlights yellow. Click to change it to the selected value.
NOTE: When you Quick-select on any object inside the active staff, the palette associ- ated with the object will open.
Deleting notes and symbols (“X”)‌
To delete an object in the active staff,
1. Quick-select (Ctrl + Click) a note or non-lyric symbol.
2. Press the “X” key and click on any note or non-lyric symbol to delete it.
To delete one or more object using the Select tool,
1. Press the Select tool icon in the Toolbar.
2. Click on an object or drag a region to select one or more objects.
3. Hit the Delete key to delete selected object(s).
Select tool (“O”)‌

Use the Select tool to highlight one or more objects for single or mass editing functions such as copying, deleting, splitting voices, flipping stem directions and joining notes of different voices to a vertical event. The “O” key activates this tool. Its button is found in the Toolbar.‌

TIP: Use the Select tool + Delete key to remove any object other than lyrics and bar- lines. It is especially useful for removing a large number of spurious or

unwanted text or multiple objects that do not delete easily with the “X” key.

To delete one or more objects including notes, rests and symbols,

Push the Select tool icon in the Toolbar (“O” key) and click on an object or drag to select multiple objects to delete.
Hit the Delete key.

NOTE: Occasionally, you might find an area full of incorrectly recognized ties and/or slurs or hairpins. Use this tool to “mass-delete” these objects.

a Cut, Copy, Paste, Insert and Merge selected symbols
Refer to Section 11.3.3 through Section 11.3.5b for details on how to use the Select Tool to clone measures or entire score segments and place them elsewhere in the music.
Using the Select Tool (“O”) to edit selected objects

A group of selected notes on the same staff can be transformed into one beamed group if they are flagged or they can be pitch-shifted at once.‌

To convert a sequence of flagged notes into one beamed group,

Use the Select tool (“O”) to select a group of adjacent flagged notes to be beamed together.
Hit the “B” key to form the flagged notes into a beamed group.
To move a selected group of notes upwards or downwards in pitch, To delete spurious articulations on a page,
Use the Select tool (“O”) to select an entire region for cleanup. Edit > Select All
(Ctrl + A) will select everything on the current page.
Hit the “G” key. Only articulations will be deleted. All other notation objects remain unaffected.

Transposition ‌
SmartScore offers several types of transposition options depending on your needs. You can transpose by key, the most common type of transposition. Transposing by clef is use- ful for transforming one instrument to another written in another clef sign. You can also choose to transpose by altering note pitches only, either considering the active key signa- ture or by ignoring the active key signature. Using the Limit option, you can choose a specified range, part or voice to transpose.‌
To Transpose your entire ENF document to a new key,
1. Position your cursor inside the first staffline of the score. Press Ctrl + T / Cmnd
  + T for Mac or select the Transpose button in the Toolbar or select Transpose from the Edit menu. The window in Transposition always displays the key signa- ture or clef sign of the active staff. This is your source key.
  FIGURE 7 - 7: Transposition window
2. Select a new target key or target clef for the score by selecting either the Key or
  Clef tab. Scroll up or down to select a target key signature or target clef.
3. Closest allows SmartScore to automatically choose up or down based on the least number of intervals. To choose the direction manually, select either Up or Down.

NOTE: It is recommended that you fully edit your score before transposing. If your score contains incorrect change-of-key signatures and/or guitar fret and chord symbols, it may be hard to Undo properly. Also, the scanned score won’t transpose and visual checking of pitches will be difficult after transposition.

Transposition Strategy
You can choose two “strategies” for transposing your scores: Link Accidentals to Key
and Keep Line-space.
- Link Accidentals to Key
  This choice will consider the target key signature during transposition. If the target key belongs to the opposite class than that of the source key (e.g. transposing from a key with sharps to a target key with flats), then accidentals may be swapped to their harmonic equivalents.
- Keep Line-Space
  This choice will retain exact relationships between intervals after transposition is com- pleted. Accidentals will generally remain fixed. No attempt will be made to swap har- monic equivalents of accidentals. For example, c and d# may transpose up to c# and d double-#.
- Transpose Symbols
  To transpose guitar fret and chord symbols to match the new target key, check this box. This selection will also move articulations, such as slurs, up or down along with notes and rests. If necessary, guitar fret and chord symbols may move up to avoid collisions with upwardly-transposed notes.
- Ask For New Chord Symbol
  This option allows you to accept or change each transposed guitar fret and chord symbol during transposition. Use this option when you know you won’t accept default fretboard patterns or when you know you will need to add new fret and chord symbols to the library.
- Adjust Stems
  Stem directions will be maintained unless this box is checked. It is important to remember, however, that adjusting the direction of stems may create voicing problems. Automatic voiceline recognition relies heavily on stem directions. Flipping stems as they cross the mid-staff point can create unexpected results. Best Bet: Adjust Stems = Off. Use Undo (Ctrl + Z / Cmnd + Z for Mac) if necessary.
- Move Notes
  Uncheck this box to leave the notes in their original positions. This will transpose only key signatures, leaving notes unchanged... good for mental games, but not much more.
  - Change Pitch
This transposes notes without changing the key signature. Select the number of half-steps to move selected notes (harmonic pitch shift). Pitches are moved by a uniform interval while considering the key signature. Change Pitch can be used in conjunction with Limits tab.
TIP: To shift the pitch of a small range of notes, it is easier to use the Select tool (O).
Hold the Shift key down, drag the selected notes up or down.
Limit Transposition

You may limit transposition to a part or voice or to a selected range within the ENF score.

To limit transposition by part, voice or range,

Click on the Limit tab at the top of the Transposition window.
FIGURE 7 - 8: Limit Transposition
Choose All Parts, or select individual parts by name to transpose. If you select a single part, you may also limit the scope of transposition to a single voiceline. In the Part Voice box, select the voice to transpose.
To limit transposition by range, choose Selected Area (range must already be highlighted by the Select tool) or by Measure number.
Click OK to transpose with selected limits applied.

Score Properties ‌‌
The “Score Properties” window contains powerful options for controlling staff and system spacing, bracketing and part linking (for re-linking parts in optimized systems). Other major editing functions include adding or removing a part (staff) to the score (Section 7.3.8), adding or deleting a system(Section 7.3.7) and appending a score-part to the ENF file (Section 7.3.9).‌‌‌
1. Select “Score Properties” from the FILE menu, Or, with Properties Tool selected, right-click (alt / option + click for Mac) inside any staff line of any system.

FIGURE 7 - 9: Score Properties (Right-click inside staff line)

Line/staff spacing ‌‌
With the Score Properties window open, select “Staff / Line Spacing”.
FIGURE 7 - 10: Line/staff spacing window
The Spacing window provides a method to make and uniformly apply changes in staff and system distances to the remainder of the score. Measurements shown are numerical representations of distances for all staff lines the active system. Changes to staff line and system spacing can be made on a system-by-system basis using colored spacing tabs along the left-hand ruler. See "Vertical Reformatting (Line, staff and system spacing using tabs)", Section 6.2.
Here are some practical examples:
- Improve page layout by optimizing number systems in pages.
- Create piano accompaniments with smaller (reduced) solo parts.
- Create large-notehead (“E-Z Read” format) scores.
- Resize staves converted from TAB to melody and vice-versa.
  To numerically change staffline and system spacing,
  1. Select FILE > “Score Properties”.Or, Right-click (alt + click for Mac) inside a staff line. In Score Properties, choose “Line/staff spacing” among the options.
  2. Make changes to staff line distances and to top / bottom staff spacing in the active system. Push OK to view changes.
    To apply distance changes to other systems in the score,‌
    1. Once changes in distances are confirmed in the ENF display, right-click on the source system and select Staff Line Spacing again to continue.
    2. In the Copy Settings To area, select either “Next Systems” or “All Systems”. Next Systems will change subsequent systems and All Systems will change all systems in the score.
    3. Push Copy to apply the changes. Push OK to close the window.
  - Use the Next System or Previous System buttons to compare settings. To visually
  check changes in the ENF display, push OK and examine changes made.
Staff Properties ‌‌‌‌
With Properties Tool arrow, click into any yellow marker to the left of a staff line.
Staff properties for that part are shown in the window.

FIGURE 7 - 11: Staff Properties window
Editable properties include:‌
- Apply Current Line Spacing: Select to apply current staffline spacing to other staves in the system or score.‌‌
- Set number of Systems: Select number of measures per line to apply to current or other systems.
- Apply to: Select which staff lines will have selected property changes applied: Cur- rent, subsequent (System+) or all (Score).
Bracketing: See "Bracketing", Section 8.4.3, on page 183.
System Manager: See "System Manager", Section 7.4, on page 124.
Part Linking: See "Re-linking parts", Section 4.14, on page 80.
The following sections of the Score Properties window (File > Score Properties) addresses adding/removing parts (staff lines), systems, pages and score parts to the score.
Add empty page
This command will append an empty page to the end of the score.
System > Insert above/Insert below/Remove ‌
Select one of these commands to insert a new, empty system above or below the active system or to delete the active system.
NOTE: Added systems will include every part contained in the Super System. See Sec- tion 7.4.6, "Super System" for details. If it’s necessary, individual parts (staff lines) within any system can be optimized or made “invisible”. Refer to “Visibil- ity” in "Staff Properties", Section 7.3.2 for details
Staff / Part > Insert / Remove ‌
Use to insert a new part into the score or to remove the active staff line from the system. The “Insert” command is identical to the “Add Part” button found in the System Manager (see "Adding a new part to the score", Section 7.4.5, on page 127). The “Remove” com- mand removes only the active staff line from the current system. To remove an entire part from the score, refer to "Deleting parts", Section 7.4.8, on page 129
Score-Part > Insert above/Insert below/Remove ‌‌
Select one of these commands to insert a new, empty Score-Part or to remove the active Score-Part. A Score-Part is one of a multiple set of pages for a piece that is scored for sep- arately-sheeted parts. For details, see "Scanning Part Scores (Score-Parts)", Section 3.6, on page 39.
Ossia
Use this tool to delete or insert an ossia above or below the active staff. Inserted ossias are editable just as any normal staffline except that ossias are not played back.
FIGURE 7 - 12: Ossia
To resize an ossia,
1. Hold the Shift key down (Nudge mode) and drag either of the control points at either end of the ossia. Barline, key and time signature information is inherited from its associated staffline.
2. Re-space ossias using tabs in the left margin just as any staffline.
TAB
This command opens the “Staff Properties” window and applies “6-string guitar” TAB
Go to.

Use this tool to jump to a new measure, page or score part.
Parts of the system run vertically along the far left column. Checkmarks identify whether parts are “visible” in the active system. Voices run horizontally with checkmarks below which identify the status of their visibility.
Changes you make to System Manager will apply to the area of interest you select in the “Apply To” pull-down menu:

System
Applies only to the currently active system.
System+
Applies to the currently active system and all subsequent systems.
Score/Part
Applies to the Score or Score-Part.
Super System (Do not use except in extraordinary cases)
Changes will be applied only to the Super System.
All
Applies the change to all systems of the score. Select this when you want your changes to be globally applied.
Once your changes have been set, select where you want the changes to be applied:
Apply
The selected changes will be applied to the currently open ENF document.
- Apply to New
  This action will create a new document with your applied changes. The original document will remain unchanged.Both ENF documents will remain open. The newly-created docu- ment will have “(1)” appended to its name.
- By moving end points of the arc or
- By controlling the shape of the curve with either Bezier control handles.
  End points con- trol the place- ment of the slur.
  Bezier handles control the shape of the slur.
  FIGURE 7 - 17: Reshaping slurs
  Flagged note in secondary voice After dragging note stem control causes offset in primary voice. point downward, offset is corrected.
  FIGURE 7 - 18: Improving flagged note positioning by lengthening its note stem
  7.5.7a Fixing offset notes & rests belonging to two voices
  Notes and/or rests belonging to different voices (within the same vertical event) will auto- matically offset when positioned next each other. This is meant to avoid collisions between the two. Depending on the situation, readjusting position offset objects is possi- ble:
  
  Offset rests due to close vertical proximity.
  
  Offset corrected after dragging.
  FIGURE 7 - 19: Offset due to rests too closely positioned
  7.5.7b Fixing beam angles
  Beam angles are a function of the length of note stems within the beam. By dragging note stems up or down, the angle of the beam will change. Control points at the end of beams can also be dragged up or down to adjust overall beam angle.
  If a beam collides with note stems or appears at odd angles after moving or deleting notes, click & drag the control point on either beam end. Drag beam end until it is properly posi- tioned. Stems of notes alternate as the beam angle is changed.
  Use the stem-lengthening method to control cross-staff beaming:
  Beam colliding with note stem
  Drag beam control point to flip stem direc- tion
  Drag beam control point to change beam angle
  
  FIGURE 7 - 20: Controlling cross-staff beams
  NOTE: The F1 key (Reset Workspace icon in Toolbar) always resets win- dows and palettes to their default positions.
  To change palette display behavior,
  1. Right-click (Ctrl + click for Mac) onto any open tool palette.
  2. At the bottom of the Palette window, choose one of 4 alternative modalities for palette behavior including:
  - Recycle (Default):
    This changes the secondary open palette when a Quick Key is activated. The
    Notes palette remains open and does not cycle.Show All opens all 9 SmartScore
    Tool Palettes.
    - Hide All:
  This removes all Tool Palettes from view.
  7.6.1 Notes and Rests palette
  NOTE: Use “Quick-select” (Ctrl+click) to select any symbol on the page, including notes and rests, Press any numeric key from 1 through 0 to select a particular note value. “Shift + 1-0” will select rests.
  7.6.1b Cluster tool
  See "Editing note clusters", Section 5.2.9, on page 91.
  7.6.1c Multi-measure rests
  1. Select the “n-measures” object from the “Rests” palette.
  2. Select the number of empty measures.
  3. Click in an empty measure of the active staffline.
    7.6.1d Tuplets (T)
    The “T” key opens the tuplet (Rhythmic Groups) Palette. Triplet is selected as the default. Drag the mouse to box in the notes/rests to become the selected tuplet. Drag downwards to insert the tuplet above the selected notes/rests. Drag upwards to insert the tuplet below selected notes/rests. For details, see Tuplets (Section 4.4.1 on page 55)
    To delete a tuplet or articulation
  4. Ctrl+click on it, press the “X” key then click again on the object. Or use the Select tool (“O” key) to highlight one or more tuplets and/or legatos.
  5. Once selected, push the Delete key.
  NOTE: To resize or move a tuplet bracket, use Nudge mode and drag the control point located on either end of the tuplet.
  - User-defined Tuplet
    The D:B tool button allows for custom tuplets.
    Divisions = The number of equal beats to be applied to the group.
    Value = The number of note values (if they were not modified) that would be applied to give the same duration.
    For example: The quintuplet (-5-) has a default D:B ratio of 5:4. When applied to a group of 5 eighth notes, its total duration value would equal 4 “normal” eighth notes.
  - Nested tuplets (tuplet within a tuplet)
  Choose the value required from the “Rhythmic Groups” palette. Click and drag the cursor to select a tuplet group within another tuplet. A bracket will drop identifying the nested tuplet.
  7.6.1e Beam tool
  See "Inserting, changing and deleting beamed notes", Section 5.2.10, on page 92.
  7.6.1f Grace Notes ‌‌
  While in Insert mode, select a rhythmic value and press the grace note button in the “Notes” palette. Click before any note in the active staff to insert a grace note. ENF playback will insert the grace note and truncate the duration of either the following or the previous note.
  To control how grace notes play back
  - Select Edit > Document Preferences > Playback
    Change default playback characteristics for grace notes:
    - On the beat (accaciatura)
    - Before the beat
      - If “Before the beat” is selected and the grace note begins a measure, the grace note will have to be placed at the very end of the previous measure. For more information, see Grace notes (Section 7.6.1f on page 136)
      7.6.1g Dots of Prolongation ‌
      - Select the “D” key, dot or double dot from the “Notes” or “Rests” palette. Click on any notehead to attach a dot of prolongation.
      To delete a dot of prolongation,
  - Press the “D” key again and click on the notehead.
  7.6.1h Ties
  Ties connect contiguous notes of the same pitch causing the first note to sound for the duration of both notes. Ties are not the same as slurs.
  1. While in the Insert mode, hit the “V” key or press a Tie button in the “Notes” palette.
  2. Click on the notehead of the first note of a tied pair to insert the tie with a down- ward arc.
  3. Right-click (option + click for Mac) to insert a tie with upward arc.
  4. To delete a tie, hit the “X” key with a tie showing on the cursor and click the first note of the pair to delete.
  To insert turns, fermatas, accents, trills and mordents,
  Ornaments can be inserted above or below notes by clicking the top of a notehead or near the tip of note stem.
  1. Select the articulation.
  2. Click on a note head to insert the articulation above the note head.
  3. Click on a note stem to insert the articulation at the tip of the stem.
  To delete a turn, fermata, accent or mordent,
Quick-select the articulation. Or use “O” key to select. Press the “X” key and click on the notehead or stem of the associated note.
- Trill
  With tr (trill) selected, click on a note to insert a single trill marking. To create an “extended” trill, hold the Shift button down (Nudge mode) and drag the yellow control handle on the trill marking to the right.
  To insert a trill,
With tr (trill) selected, click on a note to insert a single trill.
Trill Extended Trill
FIGURE 11 - 8: Trill and Extended Trill
To create an “extended” trill,
Trills have a control handle to the right of the “r”. In Nudge mode, dragging the con- trol handle to the right will extend the trill’s effect to all notes in the same staff below the extension.
FIGURE 7 - 1: Extended Trill
- Turn
  Click on note head or note stem apply a turn. Turns play as follows:
  FIGURE 8 - 1: Turn
- Fermata (bird’s eye)
  Click on note head or note stem to apply a fermata. Tempo is slowed by 50% for the dura- tion of the note to which the fermata is attached.
- Staccatos
  Click on note head to apply a staccato. Duration of the associated note is shortened by 25%.
- Tenuto
  Click on note head to apply a tenuto. Duration of the associated note is extended by 125%.
- Accent
  Click on note head to apply an accent. Accent increases the velocity of its associated note by 150%.
- Soft Accent
  Click on note head to apply a soft accent. Soft accent increases the velocity of its associ- ated note by 125%.
- Sharp, Flat and Natural
  With one of these modifiers selected, clicking on a trill marking will insert the accidental above the trill and cause playback of the trill to “flatten”, “sharpen” or “neutralize” target pitches while considering the active key signature.
- Mordent
  Click on notehead to apply a mordent. Mordents play back as follows:
  FIGURE 11 - 2: Mordent
- Inverted Mordent
  Inverted mordent play back as follows:
  FIGURE 11 - 3: Inverted Mordent
  7.6.2c Tremolo (single, double, triple, quadruple)
  Tremolos repeat the note affected by dividing the associated note by four times the selected tremolo value.
  To insert a tremolo,
  1. Select a tremolo from the Tremolo button of the “Articulations” palette. Avail- able tremolos are single, double, triple or quadruple (Both single or beamed tremolos.
    FIGURE 7 - 1: Tremolos (Articulations palette)
  2. Click on the head of the note to apply the tremolo value.
  3. Adjacent half notes will join to become beam tremolos when the first half note is clicked with beam tremolo selected.
  NOTE: Beam tremolos will playback only if the applied “half-beam” notes are posi- tioned in measures as if they were quarter notes.
  To change existing half notes to beamed tremolos,
With a beam tremolo value selected, click on the first of two adjacent half notes. The notes will beam with tremolo mark inside.
7.6.2d Arpeggio
Arpeggiated chords will offset the start time of all members of a cluster and will keep them sustained throughout the duration of the chord.

Written Played
FIGURE 11 - 8: Arpeggio
To insert an arpeggio,
1. Select the Arpeggio button (squiggly line) from the palette.
2. Click and drag the mouse to select a chord cluster (can include more than one voice).
3. Dragging the mouse in an upward direction will cause the notes to arpeggiate in an upward scale.
4. Dragging the mouse in the downward direction will cause the notes to arpeggiate in a downward scale. A down arrow is added.
To insert a glissando,
1. Select the Glissando button (two notes connected with a line) from the palette.
2. Clicking on any single (non-chord cluster) note will insert a glissando to the fol- lowing note belonging to the same voice. During play back, the glissando will be heard.
To delete any articulation associated with a note,
Quick-select the articulation. Press the “X” key, and click on the note associated with the articulation.
NOTE: To delete any articulation that is not note-specific, use the Select tool (“O” key) to highlight it and hit the Delete key.
7.6.2e Inserting or Deleting Multiple Articulations Any articulation can be applied to multiple notes at one time. To assign an articulation to many notes at once,
1. Use the Select tool (“O” key) then drag to select a range of notes.
2. Select the articulation to be applied to all highlighted notes and insert it to any note.
To delete all articulation marks and slurs in a selected area,
1. Use the Select tool (“O” key) to drag a box around the area from which you wish to remove articulations.
2. Once the area is selected, hit the “G” key to delete all articulations in the selected region.
Inserting dynamic markings, crescendo & decrescendo markings or hairpins will alter the velocity of selected notes in the active staffline.
To apply dynamics and/or dynamic markings to more than one staff, enter the dynamic in each active staff that you wish to apply the effect. If you do not wish to have so many dynamics visible in every staffline, you may enter symbols in the Hidden Symbols mode. For more details, see "Hidden Symbols", Section 7.10, on page 163.
7.6.3a Crescendos and Decrescendos (Hairpin Tool)
To insert a hairpin,
1. Select a dynamic hairpin from the “Dynamics” palette or hit Shift + “,” for cre- scendo hairpin and Shift + “.” for decrescendo.
  NOTE: If a similar hairpin is nearby, Quick-select it by holding down the “Ctrl” key and clicking on it.The cursor will become that mark.
2. Click and drag to select notes for which a hairpin is to be applied.
3. Dragging downward will insert the hairpin above the active staff. Dragging upwards will insert the hairpin below the active staff.
FIGURE 7 - 1: Hairpin crescendo (drag upwards)
To use keyboard shortcuts for entering hairpins (P, < and >)
- Press the “P” key to select p (piano) dynamic marking and open the “Dynamics” palette.
- Hold down “Shift” + “,” to select the crescendo hairpin.
- Hold down “Shift” + “.” to select the decrescendo hairpin.
To insert a crescendo or decrescendo mark,
1. Select Cresc. or Decresc. from the “Dynamics” tool palette. Or, if the mark you want is nearby, Quick-select it by holding down the “Ctrl” key and clicking on the marking you want. The cursor will become that mark.
2. In Insert mode, click and drag the mouse to highlight the range of notes over which you wish to apply the dynamic change.
  FIGURE 7 - 2: Inserting a crescendo marking
3. Dragging downward while selecting the range of notes will insert the marking above the staffline. Dragging upward will insert the marking below the staffline.
4. To change the range of cresc. / decres. markings, hold the Shift button down (Nudge mode) and drag the yellow control handle horizontally. Notes to be affected by the mark will highlight in a light grey color.
NOTE: Playback properties of articulations and dynamics may be changed using the Properties tool. See "Playback Properties", Section 4.9, on page 65.
Default tempo for all time signatures is 120 beats per minute (120 bpm) except for “cut- time” and 2/2 time, which play at 60 beats per minute. Tempos can be modified by insert- ing one or more metronome marks, by inserting a tempo marking or with the ENF Tempo Controller.
Tempo Markings are found in the “Tempo” palette. Clicking anywhere inside a staffline will insert the selected Tempo Marking above the staff. Tempo will be altered at that point.
FIGURE 7 - 4: Selecting Tempo Markings from Tempo palette
NOTE: Expression markings, found in the “Articulations” palette, are merely descrip- tors and will not alter playback.
To edit a metronome or change-of-tempo mark in the score,
1. Select the Properties tool from the Toolbar.
2. Click on a mark in the score to edit its properties.
FIGURE 7 - 5: Tempo Marking Properties window
7.6.6 Using the horizontal slider, select a new tempo for the mark. Choose whether to apply the change to just the single mark, all similar marks or permanently apply the change for that mark.
To insert a key or clef signature,
1. Hold either the “Treble clef” button or “4/4” button down for a few seconds and select the appropriate key or time signature from the palette.
2. Click at the beginning of the staff (or part) to which it applies.
NOTE: Key signatures for that part will automatically update in all subsequent systems up to, but not including, any change-of-key signature should any occur. Clefs signs are not automatically updated but can be cloned using the “Unify” com- mand.
7.6.11a For time signatures, see "Unify Time Signatures", Section 7.8.4b, on
page 156
7.6.11b For key signatures, see "Unify Key Signatures", Section 7.8.4a, on page 156 ‌
To change an existing key or time signature to another signature,
Entering or changing any time signature automatically updates time signatures in all parts of all systems; up to the first change-of-time signature if one exists. Entering or changing key signatures must be done one staff at a time.
1. Quick-select (Ctrl+click) a desired key or time signature nearby or select a new signature from the tool palette.
2. Click on a highlighted signature to be changed.
NOTE: The key of C major (A minor) does not have a visible sign to indicate its pres- ence. If no key signature is visible in the first measure of the ENF display, the key signature will be C major (A minor) by default.
To create a custom time signature to Insert or Change,
1. Select the Custom Time button from the “Signatures” palette
2. Using numeric scrollers, select a new numerator (beats per measure) and a new
  denominator (note value receiving the beat).
3. Click to insert signature immediately following any barline.
To insert a new key or time signature in the body of a score,
- With a time or key signature selected from the “Signatures” palette, Insert mode, click to the right of any barline.
  NOTE: The score will be parsed from the insertion point. Error measures likely disappear after correcting the new time signature.
  To insert a new key or time signature at the end of a system:
  According to the conventions of music notation, a change-of-key or a change-of-time sig- nature that begins on a new line should also be indicated to the right of a barline at the end of the previous system.
  FIGURE 7 - 7: Time Signature at the end of a system
  To delete a signature
- Quick-Select a key or time signature. Hit the “X” key and click on the signature to delete it.
  - To prevent the last measure from rolling to the next line, avoid deleting the final barline of any system.
    a. Note positions do not move when a clef sign is changed. To change a clef while keeping original note pitches of a part or selected region, note positions must be shifted. Refer "Transposition by Key and Clef", Section 5.4.
    1. Select a clef from the Clefs palette.
      NOTE: Left-click and hold on any palette button with a small arrow for 2 seconds to expand it and reveal all symbols of that class.
    2. Click anywhere in the active staff to insert the selected clef.
    7.6.11c Alto / Tenor / Mezzo-soprano (“C”) clefs
    The midpoint of the “C” clef indicates where C below middle C (MIDI C3) is to be located.
    7.6.11d Treble Octava / Bass Octava clefs
    Playback in these clefs will be an octave higher than with a standard clef.
    7.6.11e Treble Octavo / Bass Octavo clefs
    Playback in these clefs will be an octave lower than with a standard clef.
    7.6.11f Percussion clef
    When the Percussion clef is inserted into a staff line, MIDI channel assignment of the staff switches to 10; the default drum channel. Notes are entered normally, but playback as MIDI drums. Note pitch-to-MIDI drum assignments are mapped in Drumset option under the Playback menu.
    To change or delete a barline,
    1. Select a desired barline from the “Barlines” palette or Ctrl+click on a barline nearby.
    2. Click on a yellow-highlighted barline to change it to the selected barline.
    3. To delete a barline, Quick-select it, press the “X” key and click on the barline.
    Selecting the Text button sets the cursor to the Text Edit mode. See "Text
    mode", Section 8.2, on page 175.
    7.6.13b Lyrics
    Selecting the Lyric button sets the cursor to the Lyric Edit mode. See "Lyrics", Section 8.1, on page 173.
    7.6.13c Guitar Fretboard
    Selecting the Guitar chord fretboard button activate the “Insert Guitar Chord” cursor. For details, see "Guitar Fret and Chord Symbols", Section 8.3.1, on page 177.
    - Rehearsal
      Ten Rehearsal Markings can be placed anywhere in the ENF view.
    - Pedals
      Four Pedal Markings can be placed anywhere in the ENF view.
    - Bowings
      Two Bowing Markings can be placed anywhere in the ENF view.
    - Breaths
    A Breath Marking can be placed anywhere in the ENF view.
Hit the “S” key to flip the stem on the cursor. Or right-click while inserting a note
(option + click for Mac).
To change the stem direction of an existing note,
In Insert mode, right-click on any given notehead (option + click for Mac). The stem direction of the note will become flipped.
NOTE: In general, Voice #1 should have stems up and Voice #2 should have stems down. To change the stem direction of several notes at once,
1. Hit the “O” key to activate the Select tool.
2. Click and drag a box around any series of notes.
3. Press the “S” key to reverse the stem direction of the highlighted notes.
To change the stem direction of ALL notes in the document,
1. Select Ctrl+A (Select all in document).
2. Press the “S” key to reverse the stem direction of every note with a stem.
Unify updates key and time signatures, clef signs and staff spacing throughout the score based on choices made in the dialog window.
FIGURE 7 - 3: Unify Key, Time and Clefs
TIP: Check part linking (Ctrl + L) before applying Unify when editing optimized scores.
If your ENF score contains collapsing and expanding systems, it is recommended to per- form Part Linking before Unifying. Unifying signatures and clefs will maintain part link- ages as set in Logical Part Linking. Refer to "Re-linking parts", Section 4.14 for more details.
Based on topmost staffline. (Default)
All key signatures for every part are updated based on signatures found in the first staf- fline of each system. Any change-of-key signs found in the topmost staffline will update subsequent stafflines within each system. Use when systems have the same key signature in each part.
Based on 1st system.
All key signatures in every system are updated based on signatures found in the first sys- tem on the first page. Any subsequent changes in key signatures will be removed. Use to unify scores that have transposed instruments with a fixed number of parts per system.
NOTE: Manually edit key signatures when scores contain:
7.8.4b Unify Time Signatures ‌
All time signatures are updated based on signatures found in the first system on the first page. Change-of-time signatures are removed in any subsequent systems. Use when no change-of-time signatures occur.
7.8.4c Unify Clefs
All clef signs are updated based on clefs found in the first measure of the each system. Any change-of-clef found inside systems are removed. Use if many false change-of-clefs were recognized or if very few change-of-clef signs are found in the original.
- Parse every measure (Default)
  Clefs are updated on a line-by-line basis. Change-of-clefs encountered updates each staf- fline until another change-of-clef is encountered. Use when many change of clefs are writ- ten into the original score.
  7.8.4d Unify System, Staff and Line Spacing
  Distances between systems, staves and line will be universally applied throughout the score based on:
the active system (default)
the first system of the score
With the Auto-Space button selected, notes and rests will insert proportional to their relative value within a measure. After recognition, Auto-Space defaults to “off.”
Hold the Shift button. Click and drag note control point to verify.
FIGURE 7 - 6: Using Nudge mode (SHIFT) to check vertical alignments
Make sure the note to be moved across staff lines has its stem in the correct orientation (Select + “S” to change stem direction). Hold the Shift key down and drag the note- head to the desired pitch of an adjacent staff. If cross-staff notes belong to a beamed
group and the beam does not interfere with the movement of the notehead, simply hold the Shift button down and drag the notehead into the adjacent staff to its desired pitch.
FIGURE 7 - 8: Cross-staff voicing
- Notes positioned in a “visiting” staff still belong to the “home” staff. To edit or move a note positioned in an adjacent “visiting” staff, press the Caps Lock key while the “home” staff is active. Press Caps Lock again to unlock the active home staff.
  NOTE: Cross-staff indicator lines can be either solid or dotted. These attributes can be changed in Edit > Program Preferences > Systems > Cross-staff voicing line style.
  To control cross-staff beams (beam collisions and flipped stems)
- If a beam collides with note stems or appears at odd angles after moving notes, hold Shift down (Nudge) then click & drag the control point on either beam end. Drag beam end until it is properly positioned. Stems of notes alternate as the beam angle is changed.

Beam colliding with note stems.

Drag beam control point to alter stem orientation

Drag beam control point to change beam angle

FIGURE 7 - 9: Controlling cross-staff beams

Cross-measure beaming ‌
To create a cross-measure beam,
1. Insert a flagged note on either side of a barline.
2. Use the Select tool to highlight both notes and hit the “B” key.
Overlapping or offset noteheads ‌
Two notes in different voices can share the same pitch at the same time. You can choose whether note heads of different voices should overlap one another or become horizontally offset.
To allow offset note heads,
- Check off “Overlap Notes” in Edit > Document Preferences > Score Symbols > Overlap mode. Playback will not be affected whether note heads are offset or overlap.

Hidden Symbols ‌‌‌‌
You can insert any symbol and have it hidden from normal view as well as keep- ing it from being printed. You may need to add a extra rests for correct playback, but you don’t not want them all to be visible. Another example would be “implied” triplets... you may want to show only the first few and “hide” the rest. Hidden Symbols will also display the range of certain symbols such as 8va, 8vb, ritard, accelerando or descelerando. Holding the SHIFT button down will also display effective ranges for these symbols (see "Pitch shift (Nudge mode)", Section 5.2.1, on page 88 ‌
To insert a hidden notation object,
- Push the Hide/Show Symbol button in the Toolbar. Insert any notation object nor- mally. Symbols entered in Hidden Symbols will appear as a lighter color than when entered normally.
In the following example, the measure in question has only 1 beat written into the upper part and 2 beats written in the lower part. Inserting 2 hidden rests in the upper and one hid- den rest in the lower corrects error.

Recognized measure (w/ cross-staff voice)
Corrected measure
(w/ rests placed in Hidden mode)
To view ranges of dynamics and tempos,
a. Push the Hide/Show Symbol button. Dynamics or tempos which were applied to a range of notes will appear as follows:
FIGURE 7 - 10: Hidden range of an accelerando
Push again to exit Hidden Symbols mode. “Hidden” symbols do not appear in normal mode and will not print.
More ENF navigating ‌‌‌
1. Split-screen and scan view reference views
  Both the ENF view (white) and the image reference view (yellow) appear in “split screen” format immediately following recognition. Alternative reference views include a floating “Scan view window” and “Overlay with fader” feature (Mac only).
  NOTE: After reformatting a system, page or score, the floating scan view window will automatically open.
  Default Split Screen Floating Scan View window
  
  TIFF / ENF Transparency Overlay (Mac only)
  
  FIGURE 7 - 1: Scan Reference Views
  To choose an alternative reference view,
  a. Go to View > Split Screen and select an alternative reference view option. Mac Only: Try the TIFF / ENF transparency overlay with fader.
  To view a variable ENF transparency over the TIFF pane,
  1. Go to View menu and select “Split Screen > Overlay”.
  2. Use the variable transparency fader to the right of the Toolbar to adjust the opaqueness of the top ENF pane.
  To activate the floating Scan View window,
  1. Go to View menu, select “Scan View Window”.
  2. To increase or decrease zoom view of the window, choose either Zoom 25% or Zoom 50% from the View > Scan View window.
2. Scrolling
  Use the scroll bar and up/down arrows to the right of the ENF window. You may also use the arrow keys located on your computer keyboard to scroll up, down, left, and right in an ENF document.
3. Paging
  To page forward or backward in an ENF document,
  •
  Use the “Next page” / “Previous page” buttons located in the Toolbar or push the double paging arrows at the lower right-hand corner of the SmartScore window.
4. Jump To Page: (Ctrl +G or Cmnd+G for Mac)
  While editing, you can go to any page or measure in ENF file.
  To open the GoTo… window
  1. Choose the View menu and select Go To... (Ctrl+G or Cmnd+G for Mac).
    FIGURE 7 - 2: Go To window
  2. Select whether it is a Part, Page or Measure you wish to jump to.
  3. Enter the Part, Page or Measure number.
  Checking the Open Target in New View box will open a new ENF at the targeted Part, Page or Measure. Push OK to jump.
MIDI to ENF ‌‌
SmartScore accepts any Standard MIDI file and converts it to an ENF file. Since printing is disabled, SmartScore MIDI Edition does not include MIDI to ENF.
To create an ENF document from a MIDI file,
1. Select File > Open and change the file type pull-down menu from SmartScore Files to MIDI Files. All MIDI files in the given directory will appear in the selection window. Double-click on a selected MIDI file to open.
2. The Playback Console window will appear with a MIDI Overview representation in the background. To hear the file playback, push the Play button in the console.
3. To convert the MIDI file into SmartScore notation, push the Close button in the Playback Console. Closing the console will begin the conversion process.
FIGURE 7 - 3: MIDI to ENF window
- Staff Voicing
  Choose the number of contrapuntal voices you wish to see in the converted ENF file.
  NOTE: It is unusual to have more than 2 voices in most music. For neatness sake, 1 or 2 voices is a goo
- Density
  - Measures per System determines the number of evenly spaced measures per system. Automatic is recommended.
  - Systems per Page determines the number of evenly spaced systems per page. Automatic is recommended.
- Quantization
  SmartScore can quantize the MIDI file that will be converted. Each note event will “snap to” the nearest beat boundary eliminating fluctuations in the timing of a MIDI perfor- mance.
  MIDI files created with “free tempo” (rubato) will probably have many irregular note divisions and odd-looking timing as SmartScore attempts to “compartmentalize” notes “off-the-beat”.
- Check None to prevent the application of quantization.
- Use Note On/ Note Off to determine the smallest rhythmic values used to when spell- ing note start times (Note On) and end times (Note Off) in the ENF document.
- Use Note On/ Note Duration to determine the smallest rhythmic values used to when spelling note start times (Note On) and the minimum length of each note (Note Dura- tion) in the ENF document.
  - Shorten each note to the last Note Duration value.
  - Lengthen each note to the next Note Duration value
  - Justify each note to the nearest Note Duration value.
    TIP: If the resulting ENF file has many stand-alone flagged notes, try reducing the Quantization value (e.g. to 1/8th notes).
- Divide By Beats: When ON, resulting ENF file will interpret measure lengths by number of beats and insert change-of-time signatures if beats of each measure do not correspond to the default time signature. Turn OFF to lock default time signature.
- Smooth Voices: When ON, contrapuntal voices will be interpreted as continuous lines whenever practical. When OFF, contrapuntal voice will be interpreted loosely.
Troubleshooting ENF Problems

Table 1: Troubleshooting ENF Problems

Problem	Probable Cause	Fix
Notes and symbols appear as large letters.	Font association lost.	Reinstall Chopin10 font. Font is located in the SmartScore directory.
Measures outlined in a red color.	Incorrect rhythm in one or more voices.	Edit voicelines to agree with time signature.
Pickup or closeout mea- sure highlights red & doesn’t play smoothly.	Voiceline durations do not agree with the current time signature	With Properties tool selected, click on barline that begins the measure. Select “As written”.
Only one system high- lights black at a time.	View active staffline is ON (default selection).	Check off View Active Staffline in View menu.
Measure remains high- lighted but measure plays back smoothly.	Secondary voice may be truncated (not fully com- pleted in the measure).	This is a common con- vention in music notation. May be left as is.
Can’t delete an object when “X” key is pushed.	Actual object must be selected first.	“Ctrl + click” the object before deleting. Or, sim- ply use the Select tool (“O” key) & drag around an object then hit Delete.
New note is inserted when trying to change an existing note.	Existing note was not highlighted yellow when clicked.	Yellow-highlighted notes will be changed to new value. Blue inserts new note at same time slice.
Measures unexpectedly roll from one system to another.	Barlines at the end or beginning of measures may have been deleted.	Restore the number of measures per system by opening Staff Properties with Properties tool.
Systems unexpectedly roll from one page to another.	Line, staff or system spacing may have been changed.	Readjust spacing tabs in left margin until systems are restored to page.

Table 1: Troubleshooting ENF Problems

Problem	Probable Cause	Fix
Staffline missing from system	Staffline cut off or during scanning or was not localized during Recog- nition.	Restore missing staff. See "Restoring a missed or “invisible” staff line", Section 4.13.2, on page 78
Wrong part suddenly plays.	Expanding / collapsing score; Part / instrument linking lost.	Reassign parts in system. See Section 4.14
Display shows notes as brightly colored or with green vertical lines or with a solid orange hori- zontal line along the staff line.	ENF display is in Hidden Objects, Tempo or Veloc- ity controller mode.	Exit Hidden mode. See “Hidden Symbols” on page 163, “Velocity Con- troller” on page 75 or “Tempo Controller” on page 75.

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Editing Text, Lyrics & Symbols
This section covers editing text, lyrics and chord symbols. SmartScore attempts to distinguish between “dumb” and “smart” text when music is recognized. Dynamic and tempo markings written as text are “smart” as are chord symbols. Annotations, rehearsal markings and fingerings are “dumb”.
1. Lyrics ‌‌
  A lyric “block” is a string of characters equivalent to a spoken syllable. Out of recogni- tion, a lyric block becomes associated with a single note or rest in the staffline immedi- ately above it. Locating the note or rest associated with a lyric block is as simple as searching directly above the center-justified lyric block. All lyric blocks within stafflines are horizontally linked and are separated from each other by dashes, underlines and/or periods.‌
  NOTE: Text and lyrics have different colors. Text is black, lyrics are blue. Text and lyric colors are changeable.
  NOTE: Lyrics sometimes appear below a system (e.g. some choral scores) and a special option should be selected before Recognition. See Lyrics Under Last Staff of Systems in "Recognition Options", Section 3.5.1, on page 36.
  TIP:Move notes in Nudge mode (Shift) to verify lyric-to-note associations.
  To edit lyrics,
  1. Push the “L” button in the Toolbar to enter Lyric mode.
  2. Click into a lyric block or on an associated note or rest. Once highlighted, text within the block can be edited like normal text.
  3. Click and drag inside a lyric block to highlight characters for editing. Use the left arrow, right arrow or spacebar on your keyboard to navigate within a lyric block. Once positioned, type normally.
  4. Characters can also be cut, copied or pasted to other lyric blocks using standard Ctrl + “X”, “C” and “V” keyboard shortcuts (Cmnd + “X”, “C” and “V” for Mac).
  5. To edit a lyric block below the current line of lyrics, click into the topmost line of lyrics and use the down arrow key. Cursor will enter the next block in lyric line immediately below.
  6. To create a new lyric line, hit Return anywhere in a lyric line. A new lyric line will be created at the first note of the system.
  7. Push “L” again (Toolbar) to exit Lyric Edit.
    To move lyrics up or down between staves,
    1. Hold the Shift key down (Nudge mode), locate the yellow control handle along the left-most barline of the system.
    2. Drag the control handle up or down to move entire lyric block.
    FIGURE 8 - i: Nudge mode - repositioning Lyrics
    TIP:You may also change lyric font size. See "Adding and changing styles of Text and Lyrics", Section 8.2.2, on page 176.
    Nudging note heads horizontally is a good way to verify that a particular lyric block is indeed associated with a note stem. In a similar way, Nudge mode is useful in verifying that vertical events are properly aligned. Refer to "Checking vertical alignment of voices", Section 7.9.3 for more information.
    To verify vertical alignment of two or more voices in Nudge mode,
    Horizontally nudge the upper note (Voice #1) of a vertically aligned set of notes and/or rests. All vertically aligned (joined) notes or rests will move together.
    Score headers are not considered “text”. They are unique tags.
    To enter a Score Header at the top of the first page of the ENF file,
    a. Select Edit > Score Header.
    FIGURE 8 - 1: Score Header
    1. Enter a name for the ENF document in the Title field.
    2. Enter a Composer name if desired.
    3. Type a part name if it is a Score-Part. For definition, see Score-Part on "Score Formats", Section 12.1, on page 251.
    To move a Score Header vertically,
    - With Selector tool active, drag the positioning tab associated with the score header found in the left-hand ruler up or down.
Working with TAB & Drums ‌
SmartScore supports recognition, editing and playback of percussion and tabla- ture parts. Any existing part (or staff) can be transformed to and from a variety of staff types including TAB, percussion and standard notation. Individual MIDI sounds are linked to all staff lines & spaces. Drums and percussion instruments can be re-linked using the Drum Map editor. Playback can also be enhanced by adding automatic drum styles. New rhythmic styles can easily be imported, cre- ated and added to the drum styles library.‌‌
1. Recognizing music with TAB or Percussion parts
  1. In the Options section on the left side of the“Begin Recognition” window, check the box: Recognize tablature, percussion and/or split syustems.
    NOTE: If your score contains a 4-line part, SmartScore will, by default, consider it to be a TAB staff. If in fact it is a percussion part, be sure to check the box “Convert 4- line staffs to percussion”. Staff types can be changed after the recognition, but all notation will be lost when converted.
    FIGURE 9 - 1: Recognition - Selected Files / Options / Preview
2. Converting staff line types ‌‌
  You may convert staff properties simply by choosing an alternative staff type. For exam- ple, you may want to convert a line of standard notation (melody) to guitar TAB (6-string guitar). Or reverse it: change TAB to notation. This is all done in Staff Properties.
  To change staff property types),
  1. Select the Properties Tool then click on the yellow arrow to the left of the staff you wish to change.
    
    FIGURE 9 - 1: Staff Properties: Changing staff type
  2. Check the “Apply staff type” box and choose a new staff line configuration from the list of available staff types in the pull-down menu.
  3. Choose how to apply the change in the “Apply to” pull-down menu:
  Entire part, Current staffline or system, All parts in all systems, System + (active system forward). Push OK to apply the change.
  NOTE: It is recommended to correct mis-recognized symbols before changing the staff height since this could cause the TIFF / ENF screens. to go out of sync. In that case, the floating scan window opens so you will still maintain some reference.
3. Working with tablature (TAB) parts ‌‌
  Parts written in TAB format are automatically recognized if the option “Recognize TABs and Percussion Staff Lines” is selected prior to recognition (see "Recognition Options", Section 3.5.1, on page 36). TAB scores are edited in a similar fashion as standard ENF notation. Parts written in standard notation (melody staff) can be converted to the TAB format. Recognized TAB music can also be converted to standard notation. Converting one to the other is done in the Staff Properties window. See "Converting staff line types", Section 9.2, on page 186.
  After converting “melody” to “TAB” or vice-versa, you may want to change line distances and unify those changes for a clean look.
  To resize the TAB spacing and apply it to the entire part,
  1. Position your cursor over a TAB staff line and manipulate the red (distance) and blue (line space) tabs per Section 6.2. The next step will unify all TAB staffs.
  2. Select “Staff Spacing” from the FILE menu. Or, select the Properties Tool and right-click into the staff that has been altered. Choose Line/Staff Spacing.
  c. In the “Copy settings to” menu, select “All Systems” and push “Copy”.
  d. Push “OK”. All staves belonging to that part will adjust.
  An alternative method for “unifying” layout is as follows:
  1. With your cursor over the modified staff line, hit the “Caps Lock” key to lock in focus on that staff.
  2. Push the “Unify” button in the Navigator (“U” key). Select “Unify System, Staff and Line Spacing” (Based on active system). Push OK.
  3. Hit the “Caps Lock” key again to release the active system.
  The drum pattern library is expandable. You can add new patterns that you have either cre- ated yourself or imported from a MIDI file which contains a drum track on MIDI Channel 10.
  To add an ENF drum pattern to the automatic drum pattern library,
  1. Open an ENF file which contains a percussion part (written with a percussion clef) or,
  2. Open an ENF file in which you have created your own drum pattern. Refer to "Creating a percussion staff from scratch", Section 9.4.3 for more information on how to create drum patterns.
  3. Click the MIDI button in the Navigator to open the MIDI Overview. See Section "Selecting MIDI views", Section 10.1.1, on page 198 for more details on changing MIDI views.
  4. Select Edit > Create Automatic Drum Pattern.
    FIGURE 9 - 4: Creating a drum pattern from a MIDI file
  5. Locate the track in which the drum is played and select it in the Track field. Note that MIDI drums will sound only if they are assigned to MIDI Channel 10.
    NOTE: To check the channel number of a track, right-click (alt + click for Mac) next to the track number in MIDI Overview then select Piano Roll. The channel number (and its color) will appear in the upper left corner of the Piano Roll View. Close
    the Piano Roll window to return to Overview window. Another option is to sim- ply open the Playback Console (Ctrl + 9). Next to each track number listing is a colored box containing the MIDI channel number assigned.
  6. Enter the name you wish to give the pattern in the Name field.
  7. Select a musical style to classify the new pattern and enter it in the Style pull- down menu.
  8. Locate the first measure where you wish the pattern to begin and enter it into the
    Beginning Measure field.
  9. Decide how many measures you wish the pattern to contain and enter it in the Length (in Measures) field. This is a very important decision if you want to have proper-sounding patterns.
  10. Click Generate to add the pattern to the library. It’s name will then appear in the
    Automatic Drum Pattern window.
    TIP:Add “fills” to longer patterns (8 or 12 measures). Repeated fills in patterns hav- ing 1 or 2 measures usually sound dumb.
    - Importing MIDI drum patterns
    1. Push the Open button in the Navigator (File > Open) and click to select MIDI from the “Files of Type” pull-down menu. Browse to a MIDI file containing a drum track and double- click.
  1. Push the Play button to hear the MIDI file play back. Push Close.
  2. The imported MIDI file will appear in the MIDI Overview window.
  3. Repeat the process from Step d) above.
  To change a MIDI drum and link to your computer keyboard,
  1. Select Options > Virtual Drum Kit Definition
    FIGURE 9 - 5: Virtual Drum Kit Definition
  2. Click on an instrument / key in Instrument list.
  3. To reassign a MIDI drum instrument, push Change Instrument and make another MIDI drum selection in the pull-down menu.
  4. To reassign a keyboard key for that instrument, push Change Key and press any keyboard key to be linked to that instrument.
  5. When finished, press OK.
  To add a MIDI drum and link it to your computer keyboard,
  1. Push Add.
  2. Press a key to become associated with the sound.
  3. Select a new drum sound from the pull-down menu.
  4. When finished, press OK.
MIDI Editing and Sequencing
Underlying MIDI data of an ENF score can be viewed and manipulated in one of three MIDI views: Overview, Piano Roll and Event List.
1. MIDI Views ‌‌

Selecting MIDI views
To open MIDI environment from ENF and select a MIDI view,
1. Press the MIDI button in the Navigator or choose View > New MIDI View
  (Ctrl +I / Cmnd+I (Mac)).
  
  The New MIDI View Window will open.
  FIGURE 10 - 1: New MIDI View
2. In the Type window, select the type of MIDI view desired, Overview, Piano Roll or Event List).
• Overview
This view displays all MIDI tracks (parts) found in the open Score-Part.
- Piano Roll
  This view displays all MIDI note events found in the selected track.
- Event List
This view lists all MIDI events and every detail associated with them.
The above MIDI view buttons are accessible from the MIDI Toolbar.
MIDI Toolbar
The MIDI Toolbar (View > Toolbars > MIDI Toolbar) includes buttons for opening Overview, Piano Roll, Event List views. Also visible are the Shuttle tool, Record, Record to New Track, Record Virtual Drum, Delete Track and Insert Instrument Change buttons.
FIGURE 10 - 2: MIDI Toolbar
Closing MIDI Views

Each MIDI view (Overview, Piano Roll and Event List) has its own “close” icon in the upper left-hand corner of the window. Click to close an active MIDI view window. Or select File > Close. Closing the last MIDI view will return dis- play to its associated ENF view.

Track Overview ‌

Overview provides a “bird’s eye view” of all existing MIDI tracks. Some editing functions are limited

FIGURE 10 - 3: Track Overview window
1. Selecting tracks and MIDI events
  Right-clicking (option + click Mac) into a track’s Name field in Overview will display the track properties. Double-clicking into a track’s Name field will open its Piano Roll view.
  FIGURE 10 - 4: MIDI Track Properties
  The Track Properties window allows for editing of the Track Name and its Transposition. It is also used to create new MIDI tracks. Push Piano Roll or Event List buttons to view selected track in one of these views.
  NOTE: The Transpose selection window will actually move all the note events of the selected track by half steps.
  - New Track will create an empty new track.
  - Selecting Duplicate Track will create an exact copy of the active track and insert it at the bottom of the track listing.
  - Delete Track will erase the highlighted MIDI track completely.
Playback ‌
1. Spacebar
  - Press the spacebar to Play. Press again to Pause. Press again to resume Play. Press the comma key (“,”) to Rewind to the start.
2. Mini-Console
  The Mini-Console is a dock-able (tear-off) Toolbar that plays, records, rewinds and stops playback.
  
  No MIDI
  Recording
  FIGURE 10 - 5: Mini-Console Transport
  The “spring-loaded” tempo slider will increase or decrease tempo speed depend- ing on the distance it is pulled from the center. Releasing the mouse will return playback tempo to the default speed.
  ing the Record button will create a new MIDI track and will launch a new record- ing session. When Record is lit, press Play button to begin recording a new MIDI
  performance to a new track. When recording to a new MIDI track, existing MIDI
  data, instruments, channels and transpositions of the original ENF or imported MIDI file will be maintained.
  NOTE: All playback functions are also available in the Realtime menu (in MIDI) or
  Playback menu (in ENF).
  TIP:To select an entire track for cutting and pasting, go to Overview and click (option + click for Mac) in the track’s Name field.
3. MIDI Devices ‌
  To set the MIDI input and output devices,
  1. Select MIDI Devices from the Options menu. The MIDI Devices window will open.
    FIGURE 10 - 6: Options > MIDI Devices
  2. Click on the MIDI Input device / interface you will use for recording new MIDI data.
  3. Click on the MIDI Output device you wish to use for MIDI playback. The MIDI device window will display all installed MIDI device drivers. MIDI Mapper is the default in Windows and is most commonly used for sound cards although a specific soundcard driver may be selected from the Output list.
  4. Press OK to set the selected MIDI devices as the current SmartScore MIDI sources. The selected device then moves to the top of the list.
  NOTE: If the desired device is not listed in the MIDI Devices window make sure the device driver has been properly installed. Check any software that was installed with your MIDI device and/or download MIDI driver from manufacturer’s web- site. When installing a new MIDI driver, reboot to initialize the new driver.
4. Playback Range
  To specify part of the score for playback,
  1. Select Set Play Range from the Realtime menu.
    FIGURE 10 - 7: Set MIDI Play Range
  2. Set the first measure and last measure of the Play Range.
  3. Mark Play All to play the entire score.
  4. Check Loop to continually repeat the assigned playback range.
Piano Roll ‌

In the familiar MIDI piano roll view, it is possible to alter MIDI note events and fine tune other playback parameters. MIDI events are only editable when “Show Actual Playback” option in the View menu is checked off. When “Show Actual Playback” is checked, artic- ulations (trills, tremolos, etc.) display but cannot be edited since articulations are con- trolled by Properties. The Piano Roll view is track-based.‌

10.4.1 Selecting MIDI tracks

To move from track to track, click the Track Paging buttons located in the Toolbar.

To select and display a track in Piano Roll view:

Select the MIDI button in the Navigator. In the New MIDI View window, select a track or Part Name. Pushing OK will open the selected track in piano roll format.
FIGURE 10 - 8: Overview - Selecting a track
Select the MIDI track you wish to display and press OK.
Select the magnifying glass from the Toolbar. Left click to zoom in and right click (option + click for Mac) to zoom out of the Piano Roll view.
.
FIGURE 10 - 9: MIDI Piano Roll View
Another method of zooming in or out is to drag measure markers horizontally. Dragging to the right zooms in and dragging to the left zooms in.

FIGURE 10 - 10: Horizontal zoom by dragging measure markers

Tiling ENF and MIDI views
Using the Tile Windows feature, you can view both ENF and MIDI windows simultaneously. This is useful if timing problems are encountered while editing ENF notation. By switching to MIDI Piano Roll view and pushing the Tile Win- dows button, it is possible to examine underlying MIDI events while referring to the same region as notation in the associated ENF window.
To tile all open document windows,
Inserting program changes (Assign new MIDI instrument for playback)‌‌‌
You can insert any number of instrument changes into a MIDI track.
NOTE: This same function (inserting a change of instrument for playback) can be done in the ENF notation view. See "Changing instrument sounds on the fly", Section 4.5.4, on page 58 for details.‌
To insert a Program Change (MIDI instrument change) in a MIDI track:
1. In Piano Roll view, position cursor and click to drop the red marker where you wish to make a MIDI instrument change.
2. Push the Program Change button in the MIDI Toolbar or select Edit > Program Change.
  
  FIGURE 10 - 12: MIDI Program Change (Piano Roll)
3. Select a new MIDI Instrument from the pull-down menu.
  In the Voice pull-down menu, select the voice number you wish to apply the new instru- ment sound to. For more about Voice Color Mode, turn to "Working with Contrapuntal Voices", Section 7.9.
4. Press OK.
  NOTE: List of instruments is determined by the selected Instrument set selected in Options > Instrument Settings. Instrument set is also able to be selected in the Playback Console (see "MIDI Setup", Section 4.15.1, on page 83).
5. An inverted red triangle will indicate the point where the program change was inserted. Clicking on any Program Change triangle will open the Program Change window for additional changes.
NOTE: SmartScore supports multiple MIDI channels within each MIDI track. This allows for contrapuntal voices within ENF staff lines to be assigned to different instruments within each MIDI track. In other words, multiple voices in ENF are equivalent to multiple channels within a MIDI track. This is a sort of hybrid MIDI type (MIDI Type 1/Type 0 hybrid).
Velocity and Tempo Graphical Controllers ‌‌‌‌
In Piano Roll view, the bottom pane of the window displays a graphical, continuous- change MIDI controller. Click into Controller Selector pull-down menu and select a new MIDI controller you wish to view.

FIGURE 10 - 13: Velocity and Tempo controllers in Piano Roll view
Shuttle Tool
The Shuttle Tool allows you to sound MIDI events forward or backward by dragging the mouse over a range of events.
To operate the Shuttle Tool,
In Piano Roll view, the “S” key toggles the Shuttle Tool off and on. To manually select, press the Toggle Shuttle button in the MIDI Toolbar or go to the Options menu and select Shuttle On. Click and hold anywhere in an Overview or Piano Roll and drag the Shuttle Tool to the right to play the MIDI file at your own tempo. Drag the Shuttle Tool to the left to rewind and hear the MIDI file simulta- neously.
To insert or change the voice assignment of selected note event(s):
1. Use the Voice Selection pull-down menu located above the piano keyboard to select a voice number.
2. Right-click and drag to create a note event.
MIDI Instrument settings
To change MIDI instrument parameters,
1. Select Instrument Settings under the Options menu. In Playback Console, push the Set Instrument button. This will open the Instrument Settings window.
  FIGURE 10 - 14: Instrument Settings
2. Select the MIDI Port of the MIDI instrument you will be adjusting with the MIDI Port pull-down menu.
3. Choose a specific Instrument Bank or all Banks from the selected MIDI Port if numerical banks are supported by your MIDI device.
4. Select the type of MIDI Instrument (GM, MT32, GS, Yamaha XG, Numeric or Custom) from the Instrument pull-down menu.
5. Use the radio buttons to activate or deactivate specific MIDI channels for selected Instrument set and Drum set. The default MIDI channel for drums is 10.
6. Use the Drum pull-down menu to select the type of MIDI Drum set your device supports (GM, No Drums, Roland GS Drums, Yamaha XG Drums, Numeric or Custom).
7. Push Custom to create a formatted text document for displaying custom instru- ment names for your MIDI device. Edit to change.
8. Save will save Custom patch names as a formatted text document (.TXT). Save this file then open it in a word processing application and enter your patch names. Then save as a text document.
9. Load will allow you to load the Custom text file. Your custom patch names will display throughout SmartScore’s MIDI patch selection windows (Instrument Templates and Playback Console).
MIDI event selection
Under the Edit menu choosing Select opens the Select Window.
FIGURE 10 - 15: Select Event window
Select All tracks or an individual track or voice to highlight for cut, paste, pitch shifting or assigning parameters. Choose Full time to display the full length of the MIDI file or des- ignate a portion of the file to display by entering the measure, beat, and tick into the From and To fields.
NOTE: Edit > Select All is only available from a Piano Roll or Event List view.
Selecting MIDI events using mouse click-and-drag can be done from any view. Mouse functions work the same in all views.
To select a note or group of notes:
- Click on the individual note or click and drag to Group Select many notes.
  To add note(s) to the Group:
- Hold down the Control key and click on the un-selected note(s).
  To select note events within a given time frame:
  1. Click in Piano Roll to mark the beginning of the time frame.
  2. Hold down the Shift key and click again to set the end of the time frame. The selected range will highlight in grey.
Changing MIDI event attributes
To change the start time of selected note event(s):
- Click and drag the left edge of the note(s) to the position you want.
  FIGURE 10 - 16: Editing MIDI note on/off events
  To change the duration of selected note event(s):
- Click and drag the right edge of a note to change a note’s duration.
  To change the velocity (loudness/note attack) of selected note event(s):
- Drag the top and bottom edges of a note adjust the note’s velocity.
  
  Changing note velocity Changing note pitch
  FIGURE 10 - 17: Editing MIDI note velocities and pitches
  To change the pitch or position of selected note event(s):
- Click and drag the center of the note to change pitch (vertical drag) or note placement (horizontal drag).
  NOTE: The arrow keys on your computer keyboard can also be used to adjust the pitch and start time of the selected note.
  NOTE: To realign MIDI events to the nearest starting point (quantization), go to Options
  > Snap to and select the base rhythmic value.
  To delete selected note event(s):
- Hit the Delete key to remove any highlighted notes.
  To change the velocity and/or the duration of selected note(s):
  1. Select the Velocity/Duration option from the Edit menu. The Velocity and Dura- tion window will open.
    FIGURE 10 - 18: Velocity and Duration window
  2. Use the sliders or type in numbers to increase or decrease the velocity or duration of the selected note(s) by a percentage. Example: You wish to double the dura- tion of a group of selected notes. In the Velocity/Duration window move the Duration slider to 200%.
  3. Press OK.
Note Event window
Double-clicking on any note event will open the Note Event window.
FIGURE 10 - 19: Note Event window
The Note Event window allows access to and adjustment of an individual note’s parame- ters.
- Raise or lower the Pitch of the Note Event
- Start Time changes when the Note Event begins
- The Duration of the Note Event can be shortened or lengthened
- Increase or decrease the Velocity of the Note Event
- Select a different Voice for the Note Event
Cut/Copy and Paste

Click and drag the mouse or use Edit > Select to select a region that you would like to cut, copy or paste.

Cut removes the highlighted notes from the score and places them in the clipboard.
Copy stores the selected notes to the clipboard without removing them from the score.
Paste will insert the contents of the clipboard back into the score without deleting the existing notes. Click where you want to insert the music into the score.
Paste Special will open the Paste Special window.
FIGURE 10 - 20: Paste Special
The Paste Special window offers several options for pasting the contents of the clipboard back into the music.
Add to existing events will add the contents of the clipboard to the selected area with- out erasing the existing notes.
Replace existing events will replace the existing music with the contents of the clip- board.
Move to make room will push the existing music backward and then insert the con- tents of the clipboard.
Use Repetitions to determine the number of times the contents of the clipboard will be inserted.
Start from time designates where the inserted music will begin by choosing the mea- sure, beat, and tick.
Select Start from track to paste to a selected track number.
All to track will insert the contents of the clipboard, no matter how many tracks were originally selected, into one track.
The Event List displays every MIDI event and note attribute of the selected track:
FIGURE 10 - 21: Event List
Select what event types are displayed in the Event List by checking or un-checking the Event Type boxes along the top of the Event List.
To scroll the Event List display during playback, check the “Scroll when playing” box in the Event List window.
To page from track to track, click on Track Paging buttons in the Toolbar.
Click in any of the columns to change the parameters of an existing MIDI event or double click in the Type column of a Note Event to open the Note On window.

FIGURE 10 - 22: Note On window
The Note On window, like the Note Event window, allows for adjustment of an individual note’s parameters: Channel, Time, Duration, Pitch, and Velocity.
Any MIDI event that is not a note-on or note-off event is a non-note event. This includes MIDI Control Changes, Program Changes, Channel Pressure, Pitch Bend information, and Meta Events.
To insert a non-note event in the Event List view:
1. Select the event you want the non-note event to follow.
2. Press the New button. The New Event window will open.
3. Use the Event Type menu to select the event to be added.
  NOTE: Some events, such as Control Change and Meta Event, have Subtype event list- ings. Choose one if applicable.
4. Press OK.
- Program Changes
  Program Change inserts a MIDI event that changes the instrument playback for a given channel / voice.
  To insert a Program Change of the voice/channel in Create New Event:
  1. Program Change is the default New Event, so simply press OK. The selected Program Change will be inserted into the Event List.
  2. Use the Voice pull-down menu to designate the voice to which the Program
    Change applies.
  3. Use the Other pull-down menu to select a new instrument.
- Control Changes
  Control Changes send adjustable parameters to your selected MIDI device i.e., vibrato, hold, volume, pan, effects, etc. You can add specific changes to these controls from within SmartScore’s Event List. To find out more about what each control change will do, refer to the user’s manual of your MIDI device.
- Meta Events
  Meta Events are MIDI file instructions written to the MIDI file. They provide information such as file and track headers, SMPTE code, tempo, key and time signatures, etc. and can be added to any MIDI file using SmartScore’s Event List
Adjust global playback volume using the General Volume slider.
Adjust channel volumes using individual Volume sliders.
Use Pan to adjust stereo balance for each channel.
Default resets all MIDI tracks to their original settings.
The Close button will close the Playback Console.
Mute any voice while all others continue to play or Solo a single voice for playback.
Change the MIDI Instrument or Channel of any voice.
To play back at a given point in the file;
Use the Measure / Beat slider and scroll to the desired measure and beat in the score.
To select the MIDI output device;
Use the Port pull-down selector.
To transpose playback globally;
Use the General Transposition pull-down selector.
To transpose an individual track / voice;
Use the Transposition pull-down selector in any track / voice.
Go to the Options menu and select Time Format.
Choose by Measure: Beat: Tick or by Tick Number.
To choose whether the velocity of MIDI note events is displayed with absolute numbers (0-
1. or as percentages;
Go to Velocity Format under the Options menu.
Choose by Value (0-127) or Percent.
Synchro Start
Recording is synchronized to start with the first MIDI note played. To “un-synchronize” the start of recording with the first played MIDI event uncheck Synchro Start from the Realtime menu OR choose the Metronome Settings listed under the Options menu and uncheck Synchro On.
- Thru
  Sends new MIDI events to the selected MIDI output device. The active Piano Roll deter- mines the parameters of the MIDI Thru sound. If no Piano Roll is open, MIDI Channel 1 is used.
Choose Metronome Settings from the Options menu. The Metronome Settings win- dow will open.
FIGURE 10 - 24: Metronome Settings
NOTE: The Metronome On check box must be selected for the metronome to sound during recording. To record without a metronome uncheck the Metronome On box.
With Synchro On, SmartScore will synchronize the start of recording with the first played MIDI event.
Select which MIDI Port the metronome will play through. Choose the metronome’s MIDI Channel.
NOTE: The de facto drum channel, MIDI Channel 10, is the default channel. But you can change it if you wish.
Determine the number of Lead-in Measures that will play prior to the start of recording. The metronome will click at each baseline beat (derived from the time signature) for as many measures as you choose.
The Primary Beat (down beat) will sound when its On check box is selected. The Pitch pull-down menu displays all General MIDI drum sounds. Use the Volume scroll box to increase or decrease the volume of the Primary Beat. The default accents the Primary Beat.
The Secondary Beat will sound when it On check box is selected. The Pitch pull-down menu displays all General MIDI drum sounds. Use the Volume scroll box to increase or decrease the volume of the Secondary Beat.
Pause (spacebar) will temporarily halt recording.
Play button (spacebar) will resume recording the same track / voice
Stop will end the current recording session. SmartScore will return to the standard MIDI editing environment.
To run SmartScore’s MIDI recording from an external timer, select External Timer
from the Realtime menu.
Check Punch In to start recording at the beginning of this measure.
Check Punch Out to set this measure as the last measure for recording.
The Punch In and Out points are marked with red triangles in the Overview and Piano Roll displays.
Using the CD Writer feature, you will be able to record one or more ENF (MIDI playback) performances as a audio file or burn to a playable in your car, home stereo, etc. In order to burn to CD, it will be necessary to have a CD-R (CD Writ- able) device installed and connected to your system.
NOTE: Some external CD/DVD-R devices may no respond to the Writing “burn” com- mand. In this case, you should record to .WAV file and use dedicated CD burning software to record CD audio.
NOTE: For best results and sound quality, it is recommended that you use the Aria player for playback whenever saving to an audio file or burning audio to CD.‌
To record ENF or MIDI files and burn them to audio CD,
1. Push the CD Burn icon at the bottom of the Navigator or choose .
  Push “Add Files” and select one or more ENF or go to FILE > CD Writer. MIDI files to be recorded to CD.
  FIGURE 10 - 27: Audio CD Writer window
2. Each selected file must undergo a conversion to an audio format. (.WAV is the default). After converting, the selected file(s) will appear in the “Files to Burn” list as an audio.
  Files may be reordered using the “Move Up” or “Move Down” buttons. They may be removed from the list separately or all together with “Remove” or “Remove All” buttons.
3. Insert an unused writable CD (CD-R) into your CD/DVD tray. Burn Method =
  Auto. Change to another method if you have trouble.
4. Push “Burn Last Track and Finalize CD” to record and finalize your ENF files to DVD. All selected files will record on a single CD track. To record individual tracks, use “Burn New Track” as described below.
  NOTE: “Finalizing” a DVD is necessary before a can be played back. Once Finalize is applied, you will not be able to record anything more to the CD.
5. If you wish to continue burning new selections without finalizing the CD, push “Burn new track”. Each set of converted files in the “Files to Burn” list will record to one track. Select “Burn Last Track and Finalize CD” to record last track and finalize the CD.
Score symbols
Change display options for:
- Triplet bracketing (square, arc, none)
- Note overlap control (overlap voices or offset noteheads)
- Rehearsal symbol display (numbers or letters).
Page number
- Change display options for page number display, visibility and position on the page.
Chord symbols
Change display options for chord symbols and fretboard font type, size and color, fret- board size scaling and how chord symbols will be displayed:
- Show both chord name and guitar fretboard symbols.
- Show only guitar fretboards.
- Show only chord names.
- Show neither chord nor fretboard symbols.
- Long Minor will display “min” instead of “m” for the word “minor”.
Playback
Change GLOBAL playback characteristics:
- Grace notes: On the beat (accaciatura) / Before the beat ‌
- Lock to Time Signature: Lock (Default) / Play as written
- Randomizer: Place check in checkbox to apply. Adjust sliders to increase/ decrease random changes to start time and note velocities.
User Interface
Control tool palette behavior, turn display of active staff and margins off and on and show Task Window at startup. Reset default windows settings including post-recognition pop- up notifications.‌‌‌
Page type
Reset default page size and orientation.‌
Units and Zoom
Reset default ruler display units and reset zoom - screen size ratios.
Tablature
- Select whether or not to print note value symbols.
- Change the length of time to enter fret number values.
Color settings
Reset color properties of notes and other symbols.
MIDI channel color
Reset the colors displayed for MIDI channels 1-16
Karaoke settings
Control appearance during playback including scroll and ball behavior as well as back- ground and lyric colors. These options are also available in Karaoke mode under the Options menu.
Autosave
Reset default Autosave rules.
- Every n minutes - even if no editing takes place.
- Every n actions - based on number of editing actions, e.g. Inserting, Changing, Deleting, etc.
- What is first - based on which is first; the number of minutes selected or the num- ber of actions performed.
- Never - deactivates Auto Save of the ENF file.
Notifications
Control whether or not to display certain warning and caution notices.
MusicXML
Change default options for saving ENF to Music XML files.
ENF - PDF (Win Only)
Select alternative PDF creation application. These 3rd-party applications may redirect your browser to the publisher’s website for upgrading or other offers when launched.
- Systems
  See "Systems" under "Document Preferences".
- Score Symbols
  See "Score symbols" under "Document Preferences".
- Page Number
  See "Page number" under "Document Preferences".
  To paste the contents of the clipboard into an ENF file,
  - Select Paste (Ctrl +V / Cmnd+V) from the Edit menu and click anywhere in the score. The contents of the clipboard will be added to the score and will not replace any existing notes.
  - Paste Replace (Ctrl+R or Cmnd+R)
    To paste the copied material into an ENF file and replace existing notation,
    11.3.5a Paste Replace
    Select Paste Replace from the Edit menu (Ctrl+R or Cmnd+R) and click anywhere in the score. Use Paste Replace to quickly replace a complex passage that was poorly recog- nized with an identical passage that is correct.
  - Merge with existing bars: Copied symbols will be added to current measures.
  - Insert new bars: Copied measures will be inserted and follow-on measures will be rolled forward.
  - Replace existing barlines: This choice will replace existing measures (identical to Paste Replace).
  - Delete
    In this mode, clicking on objects that are moused over (and highlight yellow) are deleted.
    - Zoom
    - Select tool (Ctrl+O / Cmnd+O)
    - Insert / Change - See "Insert mode", Section 5.2.5.
    - Delete - See "Deleting notes and symbols (“X”)", Section 7.1.3.
    - Vertical Alignment (Y) - See "Working with Contrapuntal Voices", Section 7.9.‌
    - Beam Notes (B) - See Convert a sequence of flagged notes into one beamed group under Section 7.1.5.
    - Split Voices (H) - See "Voice Splitting (Select + “H”)", Section 4.5.2.
    - Flip Stems (S) - See "Stem direction (S)", Section 7.7.5.
    - Delete Selected Ties/ Articulations (G) - See "Select tool (“O”)", Section 7.1.4.
    Opens and closes Status Bar at the bottom of display. Displays current page, cursor posi- tion, image size, zoom, page view type and add page.
    When selected, the ENF display to highlight the active staff in black while other staves
    become grey. The active staff line is the staff that the cursor was last positioned over.
    TIP:If you find that a certain staff line is stuck “on” regardless of the position of your cursor, it is probably is a result of having “Caps Lock” on. Turning on “Caps
    Lock” will lock in the active staff line to allow you to move about freely.
    TIP:If an object does not delete even if it shows itself to be in an active staff, use the Select tool (“O” key) to highlight it and then hit Delete. All selected objects will
    be removed with the Delete key, whether they are in the active staff or not.
    11.4.3b Error Message
    This selection will highlight measures with suspected rhythmic errors in a pink color. If the total of beats in one or more voices in a measure do not equal the default time signa- ture the measure will highlight pink. It does not necessarily mean the measure is “illegal” or that it will play back incorrectly. There are many accepted conventions that cause this.
    11.4.3c Part Names
    Select one of several choice to display Part Names along the left-hand side of systems. “Do Not Show” is also an option.
    11.4.3d Measure Numbers
    This option will display or not display measure numbers in the ENF display.
    11.4.3e Chord Symbols
    Choose to display chord symbols as guitar fret symbols, text or not at all.
    11.4.3f Hidden Symbols
    Refer to Section 7.10, "Hidden Symbols" for details.
- Next Page
- Displays next page of ENF document
- Previous Page
- Displays previous page of ENF document
- Go to Page (Ctrl +G / Cmnd+G)
  Presents a dialog box to select a page number to jump to. Refer to "Paging", Section 5.1.5 for details.
  Refer to "ENF Graphical controllers", Section 4.11.
  Opens DVD Writer / Burn window. See "Recording to Audio (Save as file / Burn to CD)", Section 10.14, on page 223.
  11.7.8 Recent (1,2,3, or 4)
  Automatically loads one of the last four files accessed by SmartScore.
  When selected, all MIDI events (including articulations such as trills and tremolos) are visible in the Piano Roll view. When selected, MIDI events cannot be edited (behavior of articulations is controlled with Properties tool in the ENF view. Turn off to edit MIDI events.
Realtime > Thru
Allows MIDI input to sound while recording.
Realtime > MIDI Devices
Opens MIDI Device window.
Left: Rotates the image file counter-clockwise
Right: Rotates the image file clockwise
Any: Opens the Rotate window for rotation by defines degrees.

When a selected area is moved to the clipboard only the black portion of the selected area with be moved.

Pen Color
Select the color used by the Brush and Line drawing tools.

IMAGE EDITOR > VIEW Menu
1. Navigator
  Opens and closes the SmartScore Navigator.
2. Toolbar
  Opens and closes Toolbar
3. Toolbar
  Opens and closes Toolbar
4. Image Toolbar
  Opens and closes Image Editing Toolbar
5. Status Bar
  Opens and closes Status Bar at the bottom of main SmartScore Window. Displays current page, cursor position, image size, and zoom percentage.
6. Palettes
  Opens and closes tool palettes for ENF document editing.
7. Image Information
  Provides information on the structure and type of the currently displayed image file.
8. Next Page
  Displays next page of ENF document
9. Previous Page
  Displays previous page of ENF document
10. Go to Page (Ctrl +G Win / Cmnd+G Mac)
  Presents a dialog box to select a page number to jump to. Use scroller to select desired page and click OK.
11. Zoom
  Lists available view percentages. Changing zoom will affect both the image and the ENF file simultaneously.
12. Reset Tools and Palettes (F1)

Resets windows, toolbars and palettes to their default position.

Glossary
1. Score Formats ‌
  Score - A musical piece compiled as a document. A score usually contains more than one part with all the parts to be played together. In SmartScore, it is a single computer file; an ENF file. A hand-written score is called a manuscript.
  Part - A part is represented by a staff line either alone (solo part) or grouped into a system with other instruments (ensemble part). A part is usually an single instrument, but in the case of two-handed instruments (piano, organ, xylophone, etc.), it may represent one hand’s part.
  Voice - Derived from choral music but applied to instrumental music as well, contrapun- tal voicing (sometimes referred to as polyphonic voicing) refers to a unique melodic thread distinct from other voices in a measure by its harmonic direction and possibly its timbre. Contrapuntal voices reside in the same measure of the same staff. Voices are often distinguished by stem direction and sometimes by offsetting the horizontal position of notes. For the purposes of SmartScore, a “voice” written in its own staff line is referred to as a “Part”.
  Score-Part - Scores that are printed in sets for each individual instrument. Players read from their own unique set of pages. For example, a duet for guitar and flute would be printed in two separate sets: one for the flute player and one for the guitar. Staves of part scores flow like a book where each staff line appends to the one above it.
  Ensemble - Scores that have multiple staff lines connected by a vertical bar or “bracket” (usually along the left-hand edge of the music). When joined in this way, each staff line represents a different part or instrument. All parts are played “ensemble”. Piano music, (with left-hand and right-hand staves) are joined into one system, is regarded as “ensem- ble”. SmartScore assigns each stave to separate MIDI tracks.
  Landscape - Some scores are wider than they are high. These “landscape” layouts need to be rotated prior to processing.
  Folio - Large sized and conductor scores may need to be scaled down during scanning or reduced on a copy machine before scanning. If the score must be reduced more than 50% in order to fit the imaging area of your scanner, you may consider scanning each full-sized page twice and treat each scan as one “image-page”.
2. Score Components ‌
  System - A grouping of multiple staves linked together by a solid line or bracket along the left margin is called a “system”. All staves belonging to a system are played simultane- ously. In ensemble scores, each system appends to the one before it. A single page of a symphony conductor's score, containing 10 or 20 staff lines per system, may represent only a few seconds of music!
  Staff (Stave) - The field on which notes are represented is called a staff. “Staves” is nor- mally used as the plural. At the core of every staff are five horizontal lines. Each succes- sive line and space are equivalent to a full step in note pitch. The higher the note appears on the stave, the higher its pitch. Every staff line anomaly begins with a clef sign and a key signature.
  Voiceline - An individual melodic line formed by a voice within one measure. When a staff contains more than one voiceline in any given measure, note stems of each voiceline usually point in the opposite directions. The sum of all note and rest values of each voice- line in any given measure should be accounted for, but sometimes are not. Refer to "Work- ing with Contrapuntal Voices", Section 7.9 for more on dealing with this rule in SmartScore.
  Clef - The clef sign at the beginning of each stave identifies which pitch “class” that stave belongs to. The lowest instruments are written in the bass clef, intermediate instruments and voices often use one of three “C” clef classes while higher-pitched instruments, in addition to the right-hand part of a piano score, are scored in the treble clef. The clef sign always appears at the beginning of every staff line and in the first measure if a change of clef occurs. Change of clef signs are smaller than normal clefs.
  Key Signature - The key signature, along with the clef sign, appears at the beginning of every line; it is also found in the measure where a change of key occurs. The key signature defines the “tonal center” of the piece. The number of sharps or flats in the key signature determines the key tone (or tonic).
  Time Signature - Time signatures usually appear only once: at the beginning of the stave in the first measure of the piece. They will also appear when a change of time signature occurs. Time signatures indicate both the number of beats per measure (numerator) as well as which note value is given the fundamental beat (denominator). The sum of note dura- tion values in a given measure must equal the value of the current time signature.
  Note - A note is the fundamental unit of tone. The duration of a note is determined by its note value (normally between 1 and 128 divisions). The note’s vertical position on a given staff (with clef) determines its pitch.
  Rest - Rests are equivalent to notes insofar as their durations; but represent silence. They act as “place-holders” used to keep the rhythmic structure of the measure intact.‌
  Measure - Staff lines are segmented into equal time divisions called measures. Measures are the building blocks that provide structure for music. The sum of note and rest dura- tions within each measure must equal the value of the current time signature
  Barline - Barlines are the vertical lines that define the beginning and ending of measures
  Accidental - Note pitches often range outside of the tonal center defined by the key signa- ture. An accidental shifts its associated note up (sharp) or down (flat) by 1/2 step. Acci- dentals may also be doubled. An accidental remains effective only for the remainder of the measure in which it appears. A natural “cancels” a note’s current accidental.
  Dot of Prolongation - Notes and rests that are dotted have the value of their duration lengthened by 1/2. For example, a dotted quarter note is equal in duration to three eighth notes. Double-dotted notes increase the note’s duration by 3/4 of the original.
  Tuplet - Some notes belong to a special readmit class called “tuplets”. These include trip- lets, quintuplets and sextuplets. A tuplet is a group of notes marked with a bracket that is subdivided into equal beats (divisions) with a total duration equal to the number of unmodified notes (value). For example, a (3:2) triplet applied to three eighth notes is equal in total duration to two eighth notes.
  Ties - A tie links two pairs of notes of the same pitch whose durations are combined so that both notes are played as if one note. Ties are often used to sustain the sound of a note across more than one measure.
  NOTE:Ties and slurs (legatos) often look alike, but they are different. Ties connect two notes of the same pitch and combine their durations into one note event and slurs connect two or more notes over a range of pitches forming a legato that when performed, creates a slight overlapping of the notes.
  Articulations - Performance markings that provide instructions for playback of the marked notes. For example, a staccato, a dot placed above/ below a notehead, means the note should be short, sounding for only a moment.
  Dynamics - Dynamic markings are used to denote the general volume and intensity of music. For example, “f” or forte means loud and “p” or piano means soft.
3. MIDI Terms
  MIDI- Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Originally a hardware device that allowed a computer and a synthesizer to communicate, now a generally accepted term for hardware or software that operate according to General MIDI standards.
  Standard MIDI File (SMF) - The file protocol or format for music files saved as MIDI (.MID extension). Includes Type 1 (multiple track / multiple channel) and Type 0 (single track / multiple channel) formats.
  Sound Device- A MIDI driven tone generator. Sound cards, synthesizers, and MIDI mod- ules all fall under this category.
  MIDI Event - Each piece of information contained within a MIDI file is an event. This includes Notes (attack and release), Control Changes, System Exclusive, Meta Events, Program Changes, etc.‌
  Velocity - The speed at which the note was struck, measured with a number from 0-127.
  Channel -A MIDI device sends and receives MIDI information along separate and dis- tinct Channels. Each channel contains note and non-note event data. Most MIDI devices can support up to 16 MIDI Channels at one time.
  Patch - Every MIDI channel has a MIDI patch assigned to it. A Patch is the instrument sound selected for a particular channel when playing back.‌
  Program Change - Same as a patch. Indicates a change of patch within a given channel or track.
  Bank - MIDI devices divide patches into groups of 128. One Bank of patches from a MIDI device can be accessed at a time by a MIDI computer program or another MIDI device.
  Port - A computer can run several MIDI devices at a time with the proper hardware. Each device is connected to a unique Port.
4. SmartScore Terms ‌

ENF - Extended Notation Format. This is SmartScore’s proprietary file format.

Navigator - The floating window containing buttons designed to “navigate” through SmartScore’s main features and editing environments.

System Manager - The System Manager is a sort of “virtual system” which allows for manipulating all or specific voices, parts and systems in the score. It contains the parts and voices that make up the active system. The Super System, within it, contains ALL possi- ble parts.

Voice Line Threading - SmartScore will differentiate multiple voices within a single staff line by displaying them in different colors (Voice 1-black, Voice 2-red, Voice 3-green, and Voice 4-blue) while, at the same time, creating an independent MIDI channel for each voice.

SmartScore X2 Installation procedures

1.2.1 What Edition symbols mean

SmartScore X2 Tutorial‌‌

Mac Users: Try the “overlay” mode controlled by the variable opacity slider in the Tool- bar. In the main menu, select View > Split screen > Overlay.

Changing note values using Quick-select method

Esc key (Properties tool), click on the marking and adjust BPM value.

Windows Users: Select the “WIA xxx” driver associated with your scanner / all-in-one device. If your scanner fails to respond to the SCAN command, try the TWAIN driver that corresponds to your scanner if one is listed.

Scanning in Macintosh®‌‌‌

> Scan Music > Choose Interface = Your scanner’s and try again. If your scanner still fails to respond correctly, turn to “Scanning Outside of SmartScore” on page 30.

Auto Cropping

You can attach your image (TIFF) files to e-mail along with a short description of the problem you experienced to the following address: tech@musitek.com. We will reply as soon as possible. Most likely, we will be able to locate the problem and offer a solution or recommendation.

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Table 1: Scanning and Recognition Troubleshooting

Next Page/ Previous Page from the View menu.

Select

Edit menu and highlight Rotate OR press one of the Rotate buttons in the Image Toolbar.

Cut (Edit > Cut)

+ V (Mac)). The cut or copied section will drop into the image. With the mouse, drag the fragment anywhere within the image and release the left mouse button. To fix the frag- ment in place, click outside the pasted fragment.

Manipulating playback windows

MIDI or MIDI Mapper from "MIDI Devices" under the Playback menu. This will enable you to insert multiple instrument changes. For details, see "Changing instrument sounds on the fly", Section 4.5.4, on page 58.

Set Instrument: This button will open the Instrument Settings window which is designed to reallocated MIDI Channels and to save and load custom MIDI instru- ment settings.

Ctrl+click on it, press the “X” key then click again on the object. Or use the Select tool (“O” key) to highlight one or more tuplets and/or legatos.