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Using SmartScore 3


Chapter 3 Scanning and Recognition
3.1 Scanning Music

Be sure you have the necessary scanner drivers installed before attempting to scan from inside SmartScore. Most scanners come with software that enable programs such as SmartScore to control them. TWAIN drivers and/or Mac plug-ins are normally included in the software packaged with most scanners. It may be necessary for some users to perform "Custom > Install TWAIN" from the CD which was included with your scanner, depending on the manufacturer.

NOTE: Scanner drivers are often updated by scanner manufacturers and posted on their web sites. If problems occur during scanning, it is always a good idea to check the Internet for updated scanner drivers before calling Musitek Technical Support.
Mac Only: Skip the next section. Turn to
"Scanning for Macintosh®".
3.2 Scanning in Windows®:
a. Check File > Scan Music > Choose Interface = SmartScore's.
b. Go to File > Scan Music > Select Scanner. With your mouse, click on the driver that corresponds to your scanner.


FIGURE 3 - 1: File > Scan Music > Select Scanner
NOTE: (Win XP® and NT® only): Select "WIA xxxx xxxx" if available. Do not select "PrecisionScan"®, etc. when WIA driver is available. For Win 98® or 2000®, see "HP Scanners".

If you do not see anything listed in the Select Scanner window, your drivers are probably not installed. Install or replace TWAIN driver from scanner CD or from the "Download Drivers" area of scanner manufacturer's website. If the scanner still does not operate properly, go to "Choosing an alternative scanning interface".

c. Push the Scan button in the Navigator or in the Main Toolbar.


FIGURE 3 - 2: Scan Button
3.2.1 Using the SmartScore Scanning Interface

Your scanner will begin to operate with Scan or File > Scan Music > Acquire. A low-resolution pre-scan will appear in the Preview window along with a black bounding box surrounding the music. The bounding box should encompass the entire image area that you wish to scan. Edges of the box should be about 1/4" away from the printed image.

FIGURE 3 - 3: SmartScore scanning interface
NOTE: If the preview image appears with white notes on black background, this means your scanner is reversing image polarity. In this case, you will want to check the box, Invert Image, below the Preview window.
d. To resize the bounding box, click and drag any of the 4 sides so there is at least 1/4" of white space between the bounding box and the music which you are scanning.
e. To scan more than one page, make sure Multiple is checked.
f. Push the Scan button to create a final high-resolution scan of first page. You will be prompted to scan additional pages. Push Next Page and continue to preview, deskew and scan until you have finished scanning in your song, project, section or movement. Select Finish when done.


FIGURE 3 - 4: Scan Next Page / Finish window
NOTE: Before selecting Next Page place the next page into the scanner and wait until the scanner bar resets. If you push too soon, you may get an error message that "Scanner cannot be found." or "Scanner is not ready."
NOTE: If the piece you are processing exceeds 24 pages, divide it into smaller, discrete sections, e.g. Intro, Part1, Part2, etc.

The following section lists image-enhancement and scanner settings which you can control within the SmartScore scanning interface. If you understand and/or accept the default settings in the Scan window, turn to "Recognition Sequence (Win / Mac)" to complete scanning and to begin the recognition process.

3.2.2 Automatic image-enhancement functions

The SmartScore interface has 4 automatic image-enhancement functions all designed to assist you in creating the best possible image for recognition.

Auto Resolution

This feature takes the guesswork out of choosing the correct resolution (dpi) setting for each scan. When selected, the image is analyzed and sized in order to obtain an optimum image resolution, thus achieving the highest possible recognition accuracy. Use this feature whenever possible.

Auto Cropping

The cropping rectangle defines the final image area. You may change its size by dragging any edge with your mouse. The cropping rectangle should not intersect or interfere with any part of the music. There is no need to extend the length of the rectangle beyond your area of interest. SmartScore will automatically center each page of music to the selected default page size. After the preview scan is completed on each page, check that the image in the preview window is straight and properly cropped.

Auto Deskew

After an image is previewed, toggle this button on and off and choose the setting that gives you the straightest possible image. If you are unable to make the image appear straight in the Preview window, auto deskew failed. Reposition your music in the scanner and preview again.

Override Grey

SmartScore's scanning interface uses standard TWAIN commands to control scanner settings such as resolution and color selection. Some scanners use "image intelligence" that automatically select scanner settings. Many of these scanners "think" printed music is a photograph and create a grey image which is then "dithered" to black and white. If recognition fails or results are extremely poor, zoom If the image appears as small speckles (salt-and-pepper) rather than solid black, then the image has been dithered. In this case, re-scan with the Override Grey option checked in the SmartScore interface.

FIGURE 3 - 5: Image dithered by scanner "intelligence"
NOTE: If still you fail to get a workable image using SmartScore's scanning interface, turn to "Choosing an alternative scanning interface".
3.2.3 Scanner settings
Darkness / Brightness

The default darkness setting is -15%. For typical printed music, this setting should be fine. If beams smear together and whole and half notes appear closed or "blobbed", then brighten the scan. If the original music is faded, if it is a weak copy or if it has become degraded, you may want to scan even darker than the default setting. SmartScore wants to see solid, well-defined lines that are neither razor-thin nor smeared together.

NOTE: If recognition accuracy is poorer than expected, examine the file in the Image Editor. Zoom in and determine the following:
If objects lack detail, rescan with increased resolution.
If objects such as note stems and staff lines are broken or lack thickness, rescan with increased darkness.
Resolution

It is recommended that you use Auto-Resolution whenever possible. If you choose to set resolution manually, check Auto-Resolution off. For most printed music, the recommended resolution is around 350 dpi.

If the original music is printed in smaller type, you can increase resolution to 400 or 450 dpi. For miniature scores, try 500 dpi. Scanning at too high or too low a resolution may actually reduce recognition accuracy. It is not recommended to scan music below 250 dpi or higher than 600 dpi.

Manual or Automatic Source (Document feeder)

Normally, you will preview and scan one page at a time. Some scanners have automatic document feeders. If you choose Automatic option, you will be able to scan multiple pages at once. However, you will only be able to preview the first page. If you select Automatic, make sure when you preview the first page that the entire page is selected and not cropped. Remaining pages will be scanned and fed without preview checking.

3.2.4 Choosing an alternative scanning interface

If your scanner does not respond to the Scan command in the SmartScore interface or your scanned image is unacceptable (partially scanned, grey, color, etc.)...

a. Check that your scanner is on and that the proper driver is installed (File > Scan Music > Select Scanner). If a compatible driver is not present, you will have to reinstall your scanner's software either from the original CD or by downloading the most recent scanner driver from your scanner manufacturer's web site. If the above is true and pushing the Scan button in the Navigator still causes problems, your TWAIN driver is probably incompatible with SmartScore's own scanning interface.
b. Switch to the scanning software that was installed with your scanner. To do this, go to File > Scan Music > Choose Interface > Your Scanner's. When you push the Scan button, you will then be handed off to your scanner's interface.

If you are using your scanner's interface, follow the following guides:

Place music in the scanner as squarely as possible.
Scan in Black & White (Line Art, 1 bit or OCR). Do not scan in color or in greyscale. "Black & White Document" may be grey.
Crop in the music to be scanned by dragging mouse in preview.
Scan between 300-400 dpi (average printed music).
3.3 Working with HP® scanners in Windows
3.3.1 Choose Interface > SmartScore's (with HP scanners)
For Win XP and Win NT

Go to File > Scan Music > Select Scanner, choose "WIA xxxx xxxx". Do not select "PrecisionScan". Push Scan button or File > Scan Music > Acquire. If problems occur using SmartScore scanning interface, see Section below.

For Win 98, Win 2000
a. Push Scan button or File > Scan Music > Acquire.
b. Check the Override Grey button in the SmartScore interface.
NOTE: Adjust the midpoint where light grey pixels go to white and dark grey pixels go to black by using the Threshold slider.
3.3.2 Choose Interface > Your Scanner's (with HP scanners)
Working with HP PrecisionScan®
a. Go to File > Scan Music > Choose Interface and select
Your Scanner's. Push the Scan button in the Navigator bar.
b. Select "Black and White Document or Text" in PrecisionScan.
c. Push the "Adjust Quality" link and change Resolution to 300, 350 or 400 as required.
d. Push "Scan". Image will be transferred to SmartScore for saving and recognition. If a warning that resolution is 7 dpi appears, reset resolution.
NOTE: If problems still occur, scan outside of SmartScore. See below. Refer to basic settings "Scanning Outside of SmartScore".
3.3.3 Scanning Outside of SmartScore (with HP scanners)
HP PrecisionScan scanning interfaces (Win Only)

For HP scanner models 5100, 5200, and 5300 (PrecisionScan):

a. Choose Settings > Preferences from the main program window.
b. Click the tab labeled "Auto Detect".
c. Remove the check mark for "Detect regions on the page".
d. Set Resolution to 300 to 400 dpi.

For HP scanner models 5370, 6200, 6300, and 7400 (PrecisionScan Pro):

a. Choose "Output Type" from the menu bar.
b. Select "Black and White".
c. Set Resolution to 300 to 400 dpi.

For HP scanner models 3200, 3300, 4100, and 4200 (PrecisionScan LT) and for HP scanner models 2100, 2200, 3400, and 4300 (PrecisionScan LTX):

a. Choose Settings > Output Type menu option.
b. Select "Black and White".
c. Set Resolution to 300 to 400 dpi.
3.4 Scanning for Macintosh®
NOTE: Mac Scanning Notification: Many Mac scanners are not fully TWAIN-compatible. In order for SmartScore to control a scanning device, it must be TWAIN-compatible. This is true for both Mac OS 8/9 and OS X®. As of this publication, only a handful of OS X scanners have successfully implemented TWAIN. Tests performed at Musitek on many "Mac OS X" scanners indicate that currently, only the newer lines of HP® and Epson® OS X scanners are fully TWAIN-compatible. See "Selecting a scanner" below and "Selecting the SmartScore Scanning Interface" for details.
3.4.1 Scanner drivers for Mac

Make sure you have installed the scanner drivers that came with your scanner. Often it is necessary to select "Custom Installation" and then choose "TWAIN" and/or "Plug-ins" to install these specialized drivers.

3.4.2 Selecting a scanner
a. Go to File > Scan Music > Select Scanner. If your scanner's icon is visible, click it.
NOTE: If you have installed all available scanner driver software and you still do not see a scanner driver listed, it will be necessary to scan outside of SmartScore. In that case, turn to "Scanning Outside of SmartScore". If your scanner works, disregard the Plug-ins option below.
b. Test scanner by pushing the Scan button in the Navigator or by choosing File > Scan Music > Acquire.
Plug-ins

If your scanner does not include a TWAIN driver or if it does not respond properly, try operating your scanner with a Plug-in instead:

a. To quickly test your scanner, go to File > Scan Music and select a plug-in for your scanner if it is visible. Then push the Scan button in the Navigator or select File > Scan Music >Acquire.
b. If you do not see your plug-in listed in File > Scan Music > Select Scanner, go to your scanner's installed directory (folder), look for a "Plug-in" file with an "Escher" icon and make a copy of it (Cmnd + D). Drag the copied plug-in to the Plug-Ins folder inside the SmartScore folder. (To search for plug-ins, click on the desktop, select File > Find and search for "plug-in".
NOTE: If you own Adobe® Photoshop®, your scanner plug-in will be found inside Photoshop > Plug-ins folder.
NOTE: Older plug-ins and drivers may not work with SmartScore. If so, try downloading the most current TWAIN driver or plug-in from your scanner manufacturer's web site.
3.4.3 Selecting the SmartScore Scanning Interface

Default scanning control is set to SmartScore's interface (File > Scan Music > Choose Interface > SmartScore's).

a. Push the Scan in the Navigator or select File > Scan Music > Acquire. The SmartScore scanning interface should open. Functions available within this interface are described in "Using the SmartScore Scanning Interface"

.

FIGURE 3 - 6: Scan Button (Macintosh)
b. After you have scanned in one page, you will be given several options. Turn to "Recognition Sequence (Win / Mac)" to continue.

If your scanner does not respond properly, choose File > Scan Music > Choose Interface > Your Scanner's > Automatic.

3.4.4 Choosing Your Scanner's Interface: Automatic

Try this selection first if your scanner does not respond to SmartScore's scanning interface. Both this option and the alternative (Manual) option use your scanner's interface to acquire multiple pages of music. Each scanned page is analyzed for optimum resolution. If the resolution is out of range, you will be prompted with a recommended resolution. You can choose to retry scanning again or to ignore and continue. Both options will save multiple scanned pages in a single, highly compressed image file format (TIFF CCITT Group IV).

NOTE: Once you make a successful scan, it will not be necessary to reselect either your scanner or interface. They are stored.
a. Place the first page of your score face down into your scanner.
b. If your scanning software has a Preview button, push it.

Notice the scanning region defined in your scanner's preview window. The scan region is bounded by flashing dots, marching ants or by some other obvious delineator and can be resized. This bounding box identifies the boundaries of the area to be scanned.

c. With your mouse, click and drag the edges of the bounding box so the entire area of the music is encompassed. Do not cut off any margins as they determine score structure. Try to leave about 1/4" to 1/2" of white space on all sides of the music. Press down hard on the spine if you are using a book.
d. Find the controls for Resolution (dpi) and Darkness / Brightness in your scanner's interface. It may take some poking around.
3.4.5 Scanner settings
Resolution

Select a resolution of 300-350 dpi for most music. If the original music is printed in smaller type, increase resolution to 400-500 dpi. For miniature scores, try 600 dpi, but don't expect miracles if the music has extremely small print. It is not recommended you scan music below 250 dpi or higher than 600 dpi. If the resolution you selected is too high or too low, you will receive a message at the beginning of the recognition sequence recommending another resolution. You will have to choice to "Continue" or "Rescan".

Darkness / Brightness

For typical printed music, scan slightly darker than "0" setting (e.g. -10). This tends to "fatten up" objects. If the original music is faded, if it is a weak copy or if it has become degraded, you may want to scan even darker (e.g. -10% or -15%). If beams smear together and whole and half notes appear closed or "blobbed", then brighten the scan (e.g. +15%). SmartScore wants to see solid, well-defined lines that are neither razor-thin nor smeared together.

a. Once set, press the Scan or Final Scan button in the scanning window. If you selected a resolution outside of the optimum range, you will be prompted for the best possible resolution in dpi. Push Retry and reset the recommended resolution. Ignore sends you to the "Scan Next Page / Begin Recognition" dialog. See "Recognition Sequence (Win / Mac)".

If your scanner does not respond properly, choose File > Scan Music > Choose Interface > Your Scanner's > Manual.

3.4.6 Choosing Your Scanner's Interface: Manual
For Mac "Classic" Users Only:

Choose Interface > Your Scanner's > Manual option is the third and final Macintosh option for scanning within SmartScore itself. Using the Manual option is similar to using Automatic option, except for final previewing, cropping, de-skewing and paging which is controlled by a special "Image Processing" window. If your scanner still does not respond properly in this mode, it will be necessary to scan outside of SmartScore. See "Scanning Outside of SmartScore" for those details.

a. Push the Scan button or File > Scan Music > Acquire. Your scanner's interface should appear on-screen.
b. With your mouse, click and drag the edges of the scan region to create maximum sized image. It is very important to acquire a full-sized image in the preview window of your scanner's interface. Subsequent scans may cut off regions of the music if you are scanning several pages.
c. Preset scanner as described in "Scanner settings". Push Scan or Final Scan in your scanner's interface.

In this mode, you will preview only the first page in your scanner's interface. All subsequent pages are previewed in the Image Processing window.

d. After a page is scanned , the Image Processing window will open...


FIGURE 3 - 7: Macintosh Image Processing window

Refer to the following descriptions of the controls available in the Image Processing window:

Auto Deskew

Once an image is previewed, toggle this button on and off and choose the setting that gives you the straightest possible image. If you are unable to make the image appear straight in the Preview window, reposition your music in the scanner and preview again.

NOTE: If the preview image appears mostly black, this means your scanner is reversing image polarity. In this case, you will want to check the box, Invert Image, next to the Preview window.
Auto Cropping

The cropping rectangle defines the image area. You may resize by dragging any side with your mouse. The cropping rectangle should not intersect or interfere with any part of the music. There is no need to extend the rectangle beyond your area of interest. SmartScore will automatically center each page of music to the selected default page size. Check that the preview image is straight and properly cropped for each page previewed.

3.5 Recognition Sequence (Win / Mac)

Choose Scan Next Page or Save As and Begin Recognition to initiate the recognition process. Choose Open Pages in Image Editor to view scanned pages and to make alterations such as cropping, deskew, line drawing, cutting and pasting, etc. Choose Cancel to stop.

FIGURE 3 - 8: Scan Next Page / Finish window
NOTE: If you select Open Pages in Image Editor, turn to "Image Editor" to learn about editing scanned images.

To save your scanned image file and begin recognition sequence,

a. Push the Save As and Begin Recognition button.
b. Browse to a location for saving your SmartScore working files. You may wish to add a unique directory at this time.
c. Give the image file a name. If you are using Windows, the extension ".TIF" will be added automatically.
d. Push OK to begin the recognition process.

The image file you have just saved contains all pages you scanned. The default filetype is "Compressed TIFF" (CCITT Type 4), a multi-page, single-file TIFF compression format. This type of TIFF file is approximately 10 times smaller than an uncompressed TIFF image file.

NOTE: If you are going to open the scanned image in Adobe Photoshop, you may want to save in the larger, uncompressed TIFF format; Photoshop does not currently support CCITT Type 4 files.
TIP: When you Save a file, SmartScore will continue to save to that directory until you change it. The same is true when you Open a file. Remember that SmartScore will look in one directory when opening a file and may default in a different one when saving a file. Once changed, the new path becomes the default.
3.5.1 Recognition Options


FIGURE 3 - 9: Recognition - Options

The following section describes options you can choose for recognition. When satisfied with your choices, push Begin Recognition.

NOTE: If Recognition fails, refer to "Troubleshooting Guide".
Language

SmartScore OCR interprets unique characters belonging to individual languages. To exclude the possibility of recognizing characters that do not belong to the language of a piece, choose its appropriate language.

Text

Check this box if you wish to recognize lyrics and text in the music.

TIP: If you are scanning in single-line parts for the purpose of joining them into a conductor's score, it is recommended not to recognize text. Otherwise, text from every score-part will be overlaid on the pages of the conductor's score.
Lyrics Under Last Staff of Systems

Check this box if you are recognizing a choral or orchestral score that has dissimilar lines of lyrics written under every staff line, including the last staff line of each system. Otherwise, leave unchecked.

Triplets

Check this box if the score contains triplets that are indicated with the number "3" along with an arc or bracket.

Implied Triplets

Check this box if the score has repeated groups of three beamed notes (except for scores with "tripled time" signatures: x/3, x/6, etc.). The first grouping is usually indicated with a triplet marking. For the sake of convenience implied triplets are not repeated again.

Endings

If the music has more than one ending indicated, check this box.

Pedals

If pedal markings are written into the music, check this box.

Bowings

If up/down bowing marks are written into the music, check this box.

Hymnal Fonts

If you are scanning in music from a hymnal (with stubby flags and short stems), check this box.

Join Offset Voices

Often you will see notes belonging to different voices appear horizontally offset, even though they sound at the same time. It is necessary for the recognizer to decide which notes to join and which notes not to join to a "vertical event" (See "Vertical Alignment and offset voices"). Normally, offset notes belonging to different voices have no more than 1/4 of a notehead's space between them.

If your music has offset voices which regularly exceed this distance, choose another distance. Distance is determined by the white space between note heads.
If your music has dense polyphonic texture, like that found in solo guitar music or tightly-spaced orchestral passages, it may be necessary to "tighten up" the allowable distance between offset voices. In these case, choose a distance less than 1/4 of a notehead.
Part Linking

When a score is "optimized", parts do not appear until actually played. Optimized scores have irregular numbers of parts (and staves) in systems. As new parts are introduced, they are normally added to the top, e.g. a vocal line appears on top after a piano introduction. However, sometimes parts are added to systems in a "bottom-up" fashion, e.g. existing staves are bumped upwards. If your score is structured in this way, change default to "Add Parts to Bottom". However, this is rather rare.

Fretboard Strings

The default fretboard for recognition is the six-string guitar. If your music has ukulele fretboards (4 strings) or some other configuration, change the selection to the correct number of strings.

3.5.2 Post-Recognition

FIGURE 3 - 10: Post-recognition System Report

Following recognition, a System Report will be displayed indicating the number of systems found and on how many pages. Most importantly, it will inform you of the largest and smallest systems including the number of parts found in each. If any of these structures do not coincide with the original music, you will want to investigate the cause before spending a lot of time editing the score... it may be difficult or even impossible to restructure parts and systems later on.

If you select either Open ENF or Open Super System, the first thing to be saved is the image file (scanned pages). The Save As > Image window has a field to type in a name for the image file.
Following that, another Save As window will open. This is for the ENF file (the SmartScore file). It acquires the same name as was given the image file. It may be changed in the name field. Select a destination directory and press Save to save your new ENF file.
If you select Open Super System, you will be able to scroll from system to system and locate any systems containing an incorrect number of parts. See "System Manager" for details.
If you select Open Image Editor, you will be taken to the image editor where you are able to correct certain flaws in the scanned image. See "Image Editor" for more details.

The last window to open is to Unify key and time signatures. Selecting Yes will unify all key and time signatures based on what was recognized in the topmost part of the first system. The default is No. Select "No" if the piece is an orchestral score with transposed instruments. See "Unify Key, Time and Clefs (U)" for details.

FIGURE 3 - 11: Unify Key and Time After Recognition
NOTE: Both System Report and Unify Key and Time can be permanently disabled by selecting "Don't show this window again."
e. Refer to ENF Playback and to ENF Editing for editing information.

When recognition is complete, the screen will split between an image pane and the ENF pane which displays a representation of what was recognized. As you scroll down and page, the image and ENF panes remain synchronized. An alternative to the "split screen" view is the "Zoom Window" view. See "Split-screen and Zoom Window Viewing"

3.6 Scanning Outside of SmartScore

An alternative to operating your scanner from inside SmartScore using TWAIN or a Mac plug-in is to scan in another application. You can use your scanner's software or a third-party imaging program like Photoshop® to scan and save images. Then Recognize the saved images in SmartScore. This is the least desirable choice. You will get more reliable results if you scan from within SmartScore.

If you are going to scan outside of SmartScore, use the following guidelines for successful music scanning:

Place music in the scanner as straight as possible.
Set Output or Purpose to Black & White (Line Art, 1 bit or OCR) not color or gray. Do not select "Color" or "Photo".
Set Resolution to 300-400 dpi for average printed music.
Set Darkness to -10 or -15% for average printed music.
Save as TIFF file. Uncompressed will be about 1 MB per page. Compressed files are smaller. BMP will work too. Use a unique filename for each page... e.g. Page1.tif, Page2.tif, etc.
TIP: Optimum resolution is achieved when the distance between staff lines is about 20 pixels. Zoom into the image. Referring to the mouse position readout in the status bar, measure the distance between two lines in a stave (measure white space only).
3.7 Selecting Pre-scanned Files for Processing
NOTE: For detailed information on proper scanning procedures, see "Scanner settings".
To create an ENF file from pre-scanned images of printed music,
a. Push the Recognition button on the Navigator or select Recognize under the File menu.


FIGURE 3 - 12: Recognition Button

A file-selection window Begin Recognition will open. Here you will list your prescanned files for recognition by selecting them, rearranging them, removing or adding them.

FIGURE 3 - 13: Recognition - Selected Files / Options / Preview
b. In the Begin Recognition window, push Add Files to List.
c. Browse to where you stored your scans. Click on an image file to select. If more than one page was scanned in the SmartScore scanning interface, the file will appear as a multi-page list.
NOTE: You may click on and drag image icon(s) to the selected files list of the Begin Recognition window. Some older Windows operating systems may not support drag-and-drop.
d. You might want to preview pages prior to recognition to check that pages were scanned completely, that black areas do not obscure part of the music and that no page is severely skewed. Any of these issues will affect recognition results. Select the Preview tab and click on each page to view your pre-scanned pages.
e. Click on the Options tab to return to the File Selection and Options window. Options assists the recognizer to "hone in" on specific symbols and helps to remove any "false positives".
f. Refer to "Recognition Options" for details on how recognition options function.
3.7.1 Rearranging the File List

If you scan more than 9 pages, you may notice "Page10" is listed before "Page2". This is because most operating systems list files according to the first character of the filename. Click on any page and hit Move Up or Move Down to reposition. Hitting Remove Files from List will cause that page to be skipped during Recognition.

3.7.2 Recombining multiple image files (Creating new Page Groups for Recognition) and re-saving a multiple-page image file

If one page of a scanned group is incorrectly scanned or is missing altogether from a multi-page image file (Page group), you may reselect individual pages to form a new page group.

a. Select (or drag) the original multi-page file inside the selected files list of the Begin Recognition window.
b. Highlight a page to remove and push Remove Files from List.
c. To add a replacement or additional page to the original page group, select or drag the page(s) to the selected files list.
d. Reorder pages as necessary.
NOTE: If pages were reordered, added to or deleted from the original image file, you will be able to re-save the newly listed pages.
To Save a modified list of grouped pages as a new image file,
Select all pages so they are highlighted and push Save As.
Select the existing name to over-write or type in a new name.
3.8 Scanning Part Scores (Score-Parts)

SmartScore allows you to process and combine scanned pages of solo parts, duets, trios or quartets and play them back simultaneously. They may also be recombined into a conductor's score.

TIP: If you are scanning in Score-parts for the purpose of joining solo parts into a conductor's score, it is recommended not to recognize text.

To scan and combine Score-parts into one ENF file,
a. Scan in all pages for each part. For easiest identification, give a unique name or number for pages belonging to one part, e.g. FluteP1, FluteP2, GuitarP1, GuitarP2, etc.
b. In the Begin Recognition window, arrange files in order of parts then pages: e.g. Part1/Page1, Part1/Page2, Part2/Page1, etc.


FIGURE 3 - 14: Grouping pages to Score-Parts
c. Highlight the first set of pages that make up the first Score-Part.
d. Push Group to Score-Part. In the Part Name window, give the selected pages belonging to a score-part a unique name.
e. When all pages are properly grouped to score-parts, push the Begin Recognition button.

SmartScore will internally organize score-parts following recognition. The ENF window will display pages for the first part followed by pages of the next part. Parts will play back simultaneously. For more information on creating conductor's scores, refer to "Creating a Conductor's Score from Part Scores".

3.9 Recognition Accuracy

If recognition accuracy is not as good as what you expected, examine the image up close by zooming into the image pane of your ENF view. You may also open file in the Image Editor (FIle > Open > Files of Type = Image).

Determine the following by zooming close up:

If close-up examination reveals the image to be speckled (salt-and-pepper), your scanner may have created a dithered image. To override automatic dithering, check the "Override Grey" box in the SmartScore interface. Normal thresholding level is +38. Decreasing will darken the image.
If objects lack detail, rescan with Auto-Resolution = On or increase scanning resolution manually. Optimum distance between horizontal stafflines is 20 pixels. Use your mouse pointer and pixel coordinate readout in the Status Bar to measure.
If objects such as note stems and staff lines are broken or lack thickness, rescan with increased darkness to fill in gaps.
If the source document is poorly printed or is faded and weak, try locating a better print copy of the music.
NOTE: Recognition accuracy is directly related to the quality of the source document as well as the quality of the scanned image. Cheaper scanners, including Fax-Scan-Copy combos, are known to create poor images. Remember the old saw: "Garbage in / Garbage out". You may want to contact Musitek Tech Support for scanner recommendations.

If after examining the image and consulting the Troubleshooting chart, you are still unable to achieve good recognition results, we invite you to send us your TIFF file(s) for detailed analysis by our technicians.

You can attach your image (TIFF) files to e-mail along with a short description of the problem you experienced to the following address:
tech@musitek.com

We will as reply soon as possible. Most likely, we will be able to locate the problem and offer a solution or recommendation.

3.9.1 Troubleshooting Scanning and Recognition
Table 3: Troubleshooting Guide
Problem
Probable Cause
Fix
Scanner does not operate.
Scanner drivers not installed properly.
Install TWAIN software and/or scanner Plug-in.

Scanner not selected in SmartScore.
Ensure proper scanner driver is selected (File > Scan Music)

Scanner not connected or not turned on.
Check cabling and power. Use scan test program.
Automatic resolution returns inconsistent resolution choices on the same page.
Music has irregular staff widths. Scanner may be distorting regions of page.
Re-scan with Resolution off. Re-scan in your scanner's software. Select Black & White / 350 dpi / TIFF.

Scanner model used does not support variable DPI (1 pixel increments)
Re-scan with Resolution off. Manually set to value acceptable to scanner (300 to 600 dpi).
"1-bit image only" or "Cannot process grey images."
Scanner was set or forced by scanner software to scan in Grey, Color or Photo.
Re-scan in SmartScore interface with "Override Grey" = ON (Win).
"Recognition failed for this page."
Scanner set to screen resolution of 50-100 dpi.
Scan again accepting Auto-resolution settings for best results.


Manually set resolution to 350 dpi and scan again.

Scanner was set or forced by scanner software to scan in Grey or Color.
Re-scan in SmartScore interface with "Override Grey" = ON (Win)
"Recognition failed for this page." (cont'd)
Scanner was set or forced by scanner software to scan in Grey or Color.
Rescan in Your Scanner's interface: 350 dpi / Black & White (Text / Line Art).

Music not fully scanned or is severely skewed.
Rescan making sure all the music is selected. Scan music straight or use "Deskew" function.

Image too large for selected resolution.
Re-scan ensuring "Auto Resolution" is ON.
Scanner hangs or crashes.
Driver conflict.
Ensure latest scanner drivers are installed.


Scan outside of SmartScore using scanners software.
Poor recognition results.
Missing barlines due to light obscuring right margin or to right margin having been cut off during scanning.
Open image file in Image Editor. Use Select Tool to delete obscured regions and the Line Draw tool to restore right-hand barlines.

Image too small for selected resolution.
Scan again accepting Auto-resolution settings for best results.

Handwritten or non-standard notation. Poor print.
Scan well-printed, standard-sized sheet music.

Poorly printed music.
Increase Darkness level. Find better original.

Image not straight (skewed).
Open file in Image Editor (File > Open > Image). Use Deskew tool to straighten each page.
Poor recognition results. (cont'd)
Image was dithered by scanner software.
See Dithered Images for information.

3.10 Image Editor
Begin Recognition or Open in Image Editor

Following the final scan of music pages, you may choose to "Begin Recognition" or "Open Image Editor". This choice will stop the Recognition process and open the scanned images in the Image Editor.

NOTE: The image will not be saved until File > Save As is selected.
Load an image file
To open an image file you have previously scanned,
a. Press the Open button on the Navigator or choose Open (Ctrl + O / Cmnd + O (Mac)) from the File menu.
b. Change Files of Type pull-down menu to Image Files.
c. Browse and highlight an image file from the listed saved files. Press Open.
Image Information

Select View > Image Information to display characteristics about the current scanned image including resolution, file type and page size.

Zoom

To Zoom in and out click the Zoom Tool in the Main toolbar (Ctrl + Q / Cmnd + Q for Mac). Click inside the image will increase the scale of your view (Zoom In), while right-click (Option + click for Mac) will decrease the scale of your view (Zoom Out).

Page

To view pages of an image file, use the paging buttons in the Main Toolbar or select Next Page/ Previous Page from the View menu.

Image Toolbar

FIGURE 3 - 15: Image Toolbar

3.10.1 Page Tools
Crop
To crop an image file (trimming unwanted portions of your image from outside a marked frame),
a. Go to the Edit menu and choose the Selection option OR press the Select tool button in the Image Toolbar.


FIGURE 3 - 16: Selecting Region for Cropping
b. With your mouse, drag a box around the area you wish to keep. If you want to extend the cropping region outside of the display, keep dragging; the page will scroll as you drag up or down.
c. To adjust the marked bounded area, move your mouse pointer over a boundary line, click and drag the boundary to a new position.
d. Select Crop from the Edit menu OR press the Crop button in the Image Toolbar. The resulting image will be reduced to the area inside the bounded frame. Remember to Save when done.
Correcting Skew

Page through each scanned image and check for relative straightness of each image page. If a page appears tilted or skewed, recognition accuracy will be compromised. The Deskew tool will rotate the image slightly to correct skewed pages and will optimize recognition accuracy.

a. Press the Deskew button in the Image Toolbar or select Deskew from the Edit menu.


FIGURE 3 - 17: Manual Skew Correction
b. Position the cursor over a staffline. Starting from the left side, click and drag the mouse along the length of the staffline. A red "skew angle" line will display as you drag the mouse. When you are certain the red "skew angle" line parallels the staffline, let go. The page will automatically straighten. Repeat for each page. Remember to Save when done.
NOTE: If the page becomes incorrectly rotated, undo with Ctrl + z / Cmnd + z for Mac (or select Edit > Undo).
Rotate

To rotate an image file (for landscape formatted scores or upside down scans), go to the Edit menu and highlight Rotate OR press one of the Rotate buttons in the Image Toolbar.

Rotate the image Left (90 degree rotation).
Rotate the image Right (90 degree rotation).
Select Edit > Rotate > Any to rotate at angles other than 90 degrees.


FIGURE 3 - 18: Image Rotation
Choose Clip Image mode to maintain the original page size and orientation of the image file.
NOTE: Be careful that none of the image is clipped with this option. If so, choose Edit > Undo (Ctrl + z / Cmnd + z for Mac).
Choose Expand Image mode to increase the page size, if necessary, to include the entire image.
Remember to Save when done.
Invert

If the image you open in SmartScore is white-on-black (instead of the normal black-on-white), then you should reverse the image output in your scanning software. SmartScore defaults to 0=white polarity.

If your scanned image appears white on black, choose Edit > Invert.

3.10.2 Drawing Tools
Line / Brush Thickness

To change the width of brush or line tool, select a new size from the Width menu in the Image Toolbar. Select from 1 to 50 pixels.

Pen Color

Toggle the Pen Color push button to choose the color used when drawing. Color changes from White to Black as you toggle the button. Or choose Pen Color from the Edit menu and choose Black or White.

Line Draw

Some printed scores have weak or missing stafflines and/or brackets that can create problems during recognition and may result in missing or incorrectly bracketed systems. Sometimes, by accident, brackets and/or barlines are cut off during scanning. If this is the case, you can manually draw in staffline and brackets or enhance their thicknesses.

To draw in missing stafflines and brackets,

a. Select Edit > Line or choose Line Draw in the Image Toolbar.
b. Push the Pen Color push button in the Image Toolbar, if necessary, to choose Black Color.
c. In the Width pull-down selector, choose a fairly wide thickness (10-20 pixels).
d. Click and drag the mouse to draw a line along the missing or broken bracket along the left margin of the music.


FIGURE 3 - 19: Using Line Draw tool to recreate missing bracket
e. When finished modifying the image. Select File > Save As and give it a name. You may then Recognize the file with corrections.
Paint Brush

To draw free hand lines in your image file, select Brush from the Edit menu OR press the Brush button in the Image Toolbar. Choose a line width then click and drag to paint.

3.10.3 Cut / Copy and Paste
Cut

To Cut an area from the scanned image, use the Select tool and drag a box with the mouse. Select Edit > Cut (Ctrl + X (Win) / Cmnd + X (Mac)). Cut region will be stored in the clipboard's memory.

Copy

To Copy an area without removing it from the image, use the Select tool and drag a box with the mouse. Select Edit > Copy (Ctrl + C (Win) / Cmnd + C (Mac)). Copied area will be stored in the clipboard.

Paste

To Paste the contents of the clipboard into an image file, select Edit > Paste (Ctrl + V / Cmnd + V (Mac)). The cut or copied section will drop into the image. With the mouse, drag the fragment anywhere within the image and release the left mouse button. To fix the fragment in place, click outside the pasted fragment.

Transparent Background

To Cut or Copy the marked off area of an image file with a transparent background, highlight Selection Mode from the Edit menu and select Transparent.

NOTE: After modifying pages in the Image Editor, remember to Save the modified image file.

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